Surface modified carbons as scavengers for fluoride from water. (2016)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Venkataraman Sivasankar, editor.
• Editors: Sivasankar, Venkataraman
• Contents: Preface; Acknowledgment; Contents; About the Editor; Chapter 1: An Overview on Defluoridation of Drinking Water; Chapter 2: Fluoride: A World Ubiquitous Compound, Its Chemistry, and Ways of Contamination; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Geochemistry of Fluoride; 2.2.1 Fluoride and Magma; 2.2.2 Fluoride and Granites; 2.2.3 Fluoride and Calcretes; 2.3 Dynamics of Fluoride in Groundwater; 2.3.1 Interaction Dynamics of Groundwater with Rocks and Minerals and Associated Fluoride Concentration; 2.3.2 Hydrogeologic and Hydro-Geochemical Conditions Favoring High Fluoride in Groundwater. 2.3.2.1 Soda Groundwater2.3.2.2 The Influence ofMarine Transgression ontheCoastal Aquifers; 2.3.3 Fluoride Dynamics in Soils; 2.3.3.1 Leaching ofFluoride inGroundwater; 2.3.3.2 Fluoride inClay andAdsorption-Desorption Process; 2.3.4 Correlation Significance ofOther Parameters Associated withFluoride inGroundwater; 2.3.4.1 Correlation Between Fluoride and TDS; 2.3.4.2 Correlation Between Fluoride and Na+ andHCO3- Ions; 2.3.4.3 Correlation Between Fluoride and Boron; 2.3.4.4 Correlation Between Fluoride and Arsenic; 2.4 Co-contamination ofFluoride and Arsenic inWater. 2.5 Probability on the Occurrence of Excessive Fluoride Concentration2.6 Influence of Evaporation and Evaporation-Transpiration in Fluoride Concentration in Groundwater; 2.7 Influence of Depth in the Fluoride Concentration of Groundwater; 2.8 Fluoride Solubility and Chemistry; 2.8.1 Fluoride Solubility and Temperature; 2.8.2 Fluoride Solubility and Water Softening; 2.9 Fluoride Pollution by Other Sources; 2.10 Fluoride in Artesian Water; 2.11 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 3: Health Effects of Direct or Indirect Fluoride Ingestion; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Sources of Ingested Fluoride. 3.2.1 Drinking Water3.2.1.1 In Asia: India, China; 3.2.1.2 In Africa; 3.2.1.3 In Europe; 3.2.1.4 In America; 3.2.1.5 In Australia; 3.2.2 Other Beverages; 3.2.2.1 Tea; 3.2.2.2 Mineral Waters; 3.2.2.3 Milk; 3.2.3 Foods; 3.2.3.1 Vegetables; 3.2.3.2 Seaweeds; 3.2.3.3 Fishes; 3.2.3.4 Fluoridated Salt; 3.2.4 Fluoride in Air; 3.2.5 Dental Health Products; 3.3 Health Effects of Fluoride; 3.3.1 Biomarkers of Fluoride Toxicity; 3.3.2 Toxicity to Human Beings; 3.3.2.1 Dental Fluorosis and Caries Prevention; 3.3.2.2 Skeletal Fluorosis; 3.3.2.3 Coal-Burning Fluorosis; 3.3.2.4 Tea and Brick Tea Fluorosis. 3.3.2.5 Fluoride Effects on Soft Tissues3.3.2.6 Special Effects on Children and Neurotoxicity; 3.3.3 Toxicity to Animals; 3.3.3.1 To Terrestrial Animals; 3.3.3.2 To Aquatic Animals; 3.3.4 Toxicity to Plants; 3.3.5 Toxicity to Microorganisms; 3.3.6 Effects of a Co-exposure; 3.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Methods of Defluoridation: Adsorption and Regeneration of Adsorbents; 4.1 General Introduction; 4.2 Operational Defluoridations; 4.2.1 Introduction; 4.2.2 Industrial Defluoridation; 4.2.2.1 Adsorption on Alumina; 4.2.2.2 Regeneration of Exhausted Alumina; 4.2.2.3 Membrane Separation.
• Publisher Details: Switzerland : Springer
• Publication Date: 2016
• Extent: 1 online resource (xiii, 223 pages), illustrations (some color)
• Subjects: 628.1/66; 333.7; Environment; Water -- Purification; Water -- Fluoridation; Fluorides -- Physiological effect; Environmental pollution; Biomaterials; Hydraulic engineering; Environmental management; Fluorides -- Physiological effect; Water -- Fluoridation; Water -- Purification; Technology & Engineering -- Material Science; Technology & Engineering -- Environmental -- Water Supply; Science -- Earth Sciences -- Hydrology; Technology & Engineering -- Environmental -- General; Materials science; Water supply & treatment; Hydrology & the hydrosphere; Environmental management; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9783319406862; 3319406868
• Related ISBNs: 9783319406848; 3319406841
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.; Note: Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed August 30, 2016).
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.