Health disparities in respiratory medicine. ([2015])

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Lynn B. Gerald, Cristine E. Berry, editors.
• Editors: Gerald, Lynn B; Berry, Cristine E
• Contents: Contributors -- Chapter 1: Introduction to Health Disparities and Respiratory Health -- References -- Chapter 2: Health Disparities in Tobacco Smoking and Smoke Exposure -- Introduction -- Populations in the USA Who Disproportionately Experience Tobacco-Related Health Disparities -- Definition of Tobacco-Related Disparities -- Populations Who Experience Tobacco-Related Disparities -- Tobacco Use Disparities -- Tobacco Use Rates Among Young People -- Cigarette Use Among Adults -- Intersection between Race/Ethnicity and SES with Mental Illness -- Disparities in Secondhand Smoke Exposure -- Tobacco Causes Respiratory Health Disparities and Populations Impacted by Disparities -- Framework for Examining the Problem -- Policies to Reduce Tobacco-Related Respiratory Diseases -- Limitations and Methodological Challenges -- Directions for Future Research -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Health Disparities Related to Environmental Air Quality -- Introduction -- Air Pollutants -- Impact on Respiratory Health -- Sources of Pollutants -- Evidence for Disparities -- Socioeconomic Status -- Race -- Gender -- Age -- Place -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Health Disparities in Occupational Exposures -- Introduction -- Chromates -- Coke Oven Emissions -- Cotton Dust -- Radiation -- Rubber Workers -- Silica -- Example #1: Hawk's Nest, West Virginia -- Example #2: Foundries -- Example # 3: South African Gold Mines -- Work-Related Asthma -- Current Racial Distribution of the US Workforce -- References -- Chapter 5: Health Disparities and Pulmonary Function Testing -- Overview of Pulmonary Function Testing -- Health Disparities and Performance of PFTs -- Access to Pulmonary Function Testing -- Language barriers and Pulmonary Function Testing. Description of Respiratory Symptoms: Cultural Variations among English Speakers -- Health Disparities and Interpretation of PFTs -- Reference Values in Pulmonary Function Testing -- "Race Correction" in Pulmonary Function Testing -- Potential Causes for Disparities in Lung Function -- Controversies Associated with "Race Correction" -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Health Disparities as They Relate to Medication Adherence -- Adherence Measurement Methods -- Direct Measurement -- Indirect Measurement -- Criteria for Defining Medication Nonadherence -- Rates of Medication Nonadherence in Respiratory Diseases -- Consequences of Medication Nonadherence in Respiratory Diseases -- Causes of Medication Nonadherence -- Characteristics of the Health Care Delivery System -- Characteristics of the Physician-Patient Relationship and Communication -- Characteristics of the Disease and Treatment Regimen -- Characteristics of the Patient -- Effectiveness of Adherence Improvement Interventions -- Potential Unrecognized Sources of Variability in Adherence Intervention Study Results -- Effective Adherence Improvement Strategies in Vulnerable Populations -- Directions for Future Research -- References -- Chapter 7: Health Disparities in ARDS -- Overview: Health Disparities and ARDS -- Health Disparities in ARDS Risk and Outcomes -- Factors Influencing Health Disparities in ARDS -- Predisposing Conditions and ARDS -- Genetic Susceptibility as a Contributor to ARDS Disparities -- Chronic Comorbid Conditions Associated with ARDS Disparities -- Access to Care Effect on Disparities -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 8: Social Disparities in Lung Growth and Respiratory Health -- Introduction -- Early Life Programming of Lung Structure and Function -- Programming Stress Pathways Involved inRespiratory Disease -- Critical Periods of Development and Perinatal Programming. Immune System -- Neuroendocrine and Autonomic Nervous Systems -- Oxidative Stress -- Genetics and Epigenetics -- Role of Stress in Respiratory Disease Morbidity: Asthma as an Evidence-Based Example -- Need for a Multilevel Framework -- Life Course Perspective and Intergenerational Effects -- Constricting Communities -- Housing Stressors -- Family Factors -- Stress-Enhancing Effects on Physical Environmental Exposures -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 9: Health Disparities in Asthma -- Introduction -- Asthma Overview -- Asthma Disparities in the United States -- Disparities in Asthma Prevalence -- Disparities in Asthma Morbidity -- Disparities in Asthma Mortality -- Factors Associated with Asthma Health Disparities -- Patient-Related Factors -- Social and Environmental Factors -- Factors Related to Health Care System and Health Care Providers -- Strategies for Addressing Health Disparities in Asthma -- References -- Chapter 10: Health Disparities in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease -- Introduction -- Disparities in Diagnosis -- Disparities in Prevalence -- Gender Differences -- Racial/Ethnic Differences -- Socioeconomic Differences -- Geographic Differences -- Disparities in Treatment -- Disparities in Outcomes -- Morbidity -- Mortality -- Disparities in Research Funding -- Disparities in Patient and Public Perception of COPD -- Resources to Learn More About COPD -- For Health Care Providers -- For Patients and Their Families -- Looking Toward the Future -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Health Disparities and Tuberculosis -- Preface -- Socioeconomic Factors and Tuberculosis Disparities -- Tuberculosis and Poverty -- Crowding (and Density) -- Other Socioeconomic Factors -- Homelessness -- Evidence from Across the Globe -- Broader Social Structures -- Physical Residential Infrastructure. Links Between SES and Intermediary Risk Factors for TB -- Inequities in Service Delivery -- Disparities Across Populations -- Race and Ethnicity -- Indigenous Peoples -- Children -- Gender -- Disparities in Other Settings -- Other High-Risk Populations -- Disparity by Place -- Urban and Rural Disparities -- The Role of Place: Spatial Analyses and Disparities -- The Role of Migration -- Interventions -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Disparities in Lung Cancer Outcomes -- Introduction -- Disparities Due to Socioeconomic Barriers -- Income -- Education -- Disparities Due to Race -- Disparities Due to Healthcare Access -- Insurance Type -- Hospital Type -- Gender Disparities in Lung Cancer -- Disparities Due to Age and Comorbidities -- Age -- Comorbidities -- HIV -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 13: Health Disparities in Critical Illness -- Background -- Some Words About Race… -- Types of Health Disparities Affecting the Critically Ill -- Race and Ethnicity -- Age -- Gender -- Factors Confounding Racial, Ethnic, Age, and Gender Disparities -- Genetic Predisposition -- Geographic Residence and Location of Care -- Chronic Illness and Access to Care -- Uninsurance and Under Insurance -- Work Trajectory and Unemployment -- Income Inequality -- Critical Care Settings and Conditions Where Health Disparities Have Been Described -- Emergency Department -- Intensive Care Unit -- Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome -- Delirium -- Stroke -- Trauma -- Pulmonary Embolism -- Challenges to Exploring the Topic of Health Disparities in Critical Illness -- References -- Chapter 14: Health Disparities in Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders -- Introduction: The Significance of Sleep -- Physiological Changes during Sleep That Predispose to Sleep-­Disordered Breathing -- Importance of Health Disparities in the Practice of Respiratory Sleep Medicine. Sleep-Disordered Breathing -- Disparities in Obstructive Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders -- Snoring -- Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome -- Obstructive Sleep Apnea -- Disparities in the Clinical Presentation of OSA -- Disparities in the Clinical Effects of OSA -- Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of OSA -- Mechanisms for Disparities in Sleep-Disordered Breathing -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15: Health Disparities in End-of-Life Care -- Introduction -- Gender -- Gender Differences in Social Support at the End of Life -- Gender Differences in Preferences for End-of-Life Care -- Summary: Gender -- Race and Ethnicity -- Differences in Communication about End-of-Life Care by Race/Ethnicity -- Differences in Preferences for and Attitudes about End-of-Life Care by Race/Ethnicity -- Summary: Race/Ethnicity -- Socioeconomic Status -- Differences in Delivery End-of-Life Care by Socioeconomic Status -- Planning and Preferences for End-of-Life Care by Socioeconomic Status -- Summary: Socioeconomic Status -- Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender -- Underlying Illness -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: Where Do We Go from Here? Improving Disparities in Respiratory Health -- Introduction: A Call to Action -- What Is Respiratory Health Equality? -- What Are the Causes of Respiratory Health Disparities? -- Air Pollution -- Tobacco -- Access to Healthcare -- What Can Be Done to Achieve Respiratory Health Equality? -- Accomplishing True Universal Healthcare -- Research -- Ensuring a Diverse Workforce -- Pursuing Environmental Justice and a Healthy Lifestyle -- Advocacy -- Conclusions -- References -- Erratum to -- Index.
• Publisher Details: Cham : Springer
• Publication Date: 2015
• Copyright Date: 2016
• Extent: 1 online resource (ix, 364 pages), illustrations (some color)
• Subjects: 614.5/92; Medicine; Respiratory organs -- Diseases -- Regional disparities; Medical statistics; MEDICAL / Forensic Medicine; MEDICAL / Preventive Medicine; MEDICAL / Public Health; Medical statistics; Medical -- Preventive Medicine; Medical -- Administration; Public health & preventive medicine; Medical administration & management; Pneumology; Practice of medicine; Medical -- Pulmonary & Thoracic Medicine; Respiratory medicine; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9783319236759
• Related ISBNs: 331923675X; 9783319236742; 3319236741
• Notes: Note: Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed January 4, 2016).
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.