Ice in the Ocean. (2014)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Peter Wadhams.
• Authors: Wadhams, Peter
• Contents: Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Table of Contents; PREFACE; 1: THE FROZEN OCEANS; 1.1. A world of white; 1.2. The physical structure of the polar oceans; 1.2.1. The topography; 1.2.2. The water masses; 1.2.3. The current systems; 1.2.4. Water mass transformations; 1.3. The distribution of ice in the oceans; 1.3.1. The Arctic; 1.3.2. The Antarctic; 1.3.3. Icebergs; 1.4. Mapping the frozen oceans; 1.5. Sea ice and the history of exploration; 2: FORMATION, GROWTH AND DECAY OF SEA ICE; 2.1. The structure of the ice crystal 2.2. The density and freezing point of sea water2.3. The initial stages of ice formation; 2.3.1. Ice formation in calm water; 2.3.2. Ice formation in rough water: The frazil-pancake cycle; 2.4. Crystal growth and brine rejection; 2.4.1. Crystal fabric; 2.4.2. Brine cells; 2.4.3. Brine cell migration and drainage; 2.4.4. Solid salts in ice; 2.4.5. Lake and river ice; 2.5. Snow loading and meteoric ice formation; 2.6. Summer melt processes; 2.7. Multi-year ice; 2.8. Formation of leads and pressure ridges; 2.9. Ice in shallow water; 2.9.1. Grounded landfast ice; 2.9.2. Ice scour 2.10. Polynyas and their role3: THE THERMODYNAMICS OF SEA ICE; 3.1. Thermophysical properties of sea ice; 3.1.1. Thermal conductivity; 3.1.2. Specific heat; 3.1.3. Latent heat of fusion; 3.1.4. Radiation extinction coefficient; 3.2. Early models of ice growth and decay; 3.3. The Maykut-Untersteiner model; 3.3.1. Formulation; 3.3.2. Input parameters; 3.3.3. Results; 4: ICE IN MOTION; 4.1. The momentum balance; 4.1.1. Air stress; 4.1.2. Water stress; 4.1.3. Coriolis force; 4.1.4. Internal ice stress; 4.1.5. Sea surface tilt; 4.2. A free drift solution; 4.2.1. Inertial motion 4.2.2. Free drift in response to geostrophic wind4.3. The motion of compact ice; 4.3.1. Ice rheology; 4.3.2. Sea ice models; 4.4. Dynamics and thermodynamics of coastal polynyas; 4.5. Tidal ice motion; 4.5.1. Tidal amplitudes and currents; 4.5.2. Effect of sea ice on tides; 4.5.3. Effect of tides on sea ice; 5: PRESSURE RIDGES AND THE ICE THICKNESS DISTRIBUTION; 5.1. Statistical properties of a sea ice cover; 5.1.1. Importance of the ice thickness distribution; 5.1.2. Ice thickness distribution -- Definitions; 5.1.3. Ice thickness distribution -- Typical shapes 5.1.4. The distribution of morphological features5.1.5. Pressure ridge depths; 5.1.6. Pressure ridge spacings; 5.1.7. Pressure ridge slopes and widths; 5.1.8. Lead widths and spacings; 5.1.9. Fractal properties of ice surfaces; 5.1.10. Summary; 5.2. The measurement of ice thickness; 5.2.1. Current techniques; 5.2.2. Possible future techniques; 5.3. Present knowledge of ice thickness distribution; 5.3.1. Mean ice thickness in the Arctic; 5.3.2. Mean ice thickness in the Antarctic; 5.3.3. The differences between Arctic and Antarctic sea ice; 5.4. Applications of the ice thickness distribution
• Publisher Details: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2014
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 551.34/2; Marine sciences; Aquatic sciences; Environmental geology; Climatology; Meteorology; Aquatic sciences; Climatology; Environmental geology; Marine sciences; Meteorology; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781482283082; 1482283085
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.