Environmental Chemical Analysis. (1997)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: S. Mitra, B.B. Kebbekus.
• Authors: Mitra, S; Kebbekus, B. B
• Contents: Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction to environmental measurements; 1.1 Role of measurement in environmental studies; 1.1.1 Units of measurement; 1.1.2 Significant figures; 1.2 Pollutants: sources and measurements; 1.2.1 Classes of environmental contaminants; 1.2.2 Regulating the environment; 1.3 Design of environmental studies; 1.3.1 Sampling and analysis; 1.4 Basic statistical data handling; 1.4.1 Errors in quantitative analysis; 1.4.2 Statistics of repeated measurements: precision; 1.4.3 Distribution of error 1.4.4 Confidence interval and the/-distribution1.5 Significance tests; 1.5.1 Comparison between a measured and a known value; 1.5.2 Comparison of the mean of two samples; 1.5.3 Comparison of standard deviations using the F-test; 1.5.4 Outliers; 1.5.5 Reporting data; 1.5.6 Hypothesis testing; 1.6 Standards and calibration; 1.6.1 Calibration methods; 1.6.2 Standard addition method; 1.7 Performance of analytical methods: figures of merit; 1.7.1 Sensitivity; 1.7.2 Detection limit; 1.7.3 Linear dynamic range; 1.7.4 Validation of new methods; Suggested reading; Study questions 2 Environmental sampling2.1 The sampling plan; 2.1.1 Spatial and temporal variability; 2.1.2 Development of the plan; 2.1.3 Sampling strategies; 2.2 Types of samples; 2.3 Sampling and analysis; 2.3.1 Samples in the laboratory; 2.4 Statistical aspects of sampling; 2.5 Water sampling; 2.5.1 Surface water sampling; 2.5.2 Ground water well sampling; 2.6 Biological tissue sampling; 2.7 Soil sampling; 2.8 Sampling stratified levels in containers; 2.9 Preservation of samples; 2.9.1 Volatilization; 2.9.2 Choice of proper containers; 2.9.3 Absorption of gases from the atmosphere 2.9.4 Chemical changes2.9.5 Sample preservation for soil, sludges, and hazardous wastes; Suggested reading; Study questions; 3 Spectroscopic methods; 3.1 Spectroscopic methods for environmental analysis; 3.1.1 Properties of electromagnetic radiation; 3.1.2 The electromagnetic spectrum; 3.1.3 Radiation and matter; 3.2 Absorption spectroscopy; 3.2.1 Beer's law; 3.3 Emission spectroscopy; 3.3.1 Fluorescence; 3.3.2 Atomic emission; 3.4 Spectroscopic apparatus; 3.4.1 Light sources; 3.4.2 Wavelength selection; 3.4.3 Detectors; 3.5 Ultraviolet and visible absorption spectroscopy 3.5.1 UV and visible instrumentation3.5.2 Colorimetry; 3.6 Infrared spectroscopy; 3.6.1 Scanning infrared instrumentation; 3.6.2 Fourier transform infrared spectrometry; 3.7 Atomic absorption spectroscopy; 3.7.1 Flame atomic absorbance spectroscopy; 3.7.2 Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; 3.7.3 Interference in atomic absorption; 3.8 Inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy; 3.8.1 Comparison of atomic spectroscopic methods; 3.9 X-ray fluorescence; 3.9.1 Wavelength dispersive XRF versus energy dispersive XRF; 3.9.2 X-ray instrumentation
• Publisher Details: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 1997
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 577/.14; Chemistry, Analytic; Environmental sciences; Chemistry, Analytic; Environmental sciences; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781482231632; 1482231638
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.