Soil Nitrogen Uses and Environmental Impacts. (2018)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Edited by Rattan Lal, B.A. Stewart.
• Editors: Lal, Rattan; Stewart, B. A
• Contents: Cover; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; Editors; Contributors; Chapter 1: Benefits and Unintended Consequences of Synthetic Nitrogen Fertilizers; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Brief History of Development of Synthetic N; 1.3 Dependency of Worldwide Food Security on Synthetic Nitrogen; 1.4 Unintended Consequences of N Fertilizer Usage; 1.4.1 Earliest Concerns; 1.4.2 Phosphorus Effect; 1.4.3 Translocation of Nutrients; 1.4.4 Water Quality Consequences; 1.4.4.1 Toledo, Ohio; 1.4.4.2 Des Moines, Iowa; 1.4.4.3 Phosphorus Fertilizer Bans. 1.5 Why Does the Nitrogen Problem Defy a Solution?1.6 Conclusions; References; Chapter 2: Nitrogen Fixation by Pulse Crops and the Use of Nitrogen Isotopic Techniques to Measure the Fixation Capacity; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Quantification of Field Biological Nitrogen Fixation; 2.2.1 Methods for Quantifying Biological Nitrogen Fixation; 2.2.1.1 Acetylene Reduction Assay (ARA); 2.2.1.2 Nodule Observation; 2.2.1.3 Xylem Sap Analysis; 2.2.1.4 Nitrogen Balance or the Difference Method; 2.2.1.5 Nitrogen Stable (Nitrogen-15) Isotopic Techniques; 2.2.2 Basic Principles of Nitrogen Stable Isotopes. 2.2.2.1 Notation of 15N Isotopic Data2.2.2.1.1 Atom% 15N; 2.2.2.1.2 Atom% 15N excess; 2.2.2.1.3 Delta (Î)́ 15N; 2.2.2.2 Conversion of Atom% 15N to Delta (Î)́ 15N and Vice Versa; 2.2.2.2.1 From Î1́5N (â#x80;°) to Atom% 15N; 2.2.2.2.2 From Atom% 15N to Î1́5N (â#x80;°); 2.2.3 The 15N Dilution Method; 2.2.4 15N Natural Abundance (NA) Method; 2.3 Summary and Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3: The Role of Nitrogen Stable Isotopes to Investigate Soil Nitrogen Transformations and Cycling in Agricultural Systems; 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 An Overview of Soil Nitrogen Pools, Processes, and Transformations3.2.1 Nitrogen in Natural Soil-Plant Ecosystems; 3.2.2 Effects of Agriculture on Soil N Cycling; 3.2.3 Microbial N Processes in Agricultural Soils that Can Result in N Losses to the Environment; 3.2.4 N in Arable Systems; 3.2.5 N in High-Density Confinement or Housed Meat and Dairy Systems; 3.2.6 N in Grazed Pastures; 3.2.7 Maintenance of Optimum Soil Inorganic N Levels; 3.2.8 Maintaining Soil Organic N Levels; 3.2.9 Helping Soil Microorganisms to Maintain Tight N Cycles; 3.2.10 Conclusions. 3.3 Basic Principles of Nitrogen Stable Isotopic Techniques3.3.1 15N Dilution Method; 3.3.2 15N Natural Abundance Approach; 3.3.2.1 Influence of Topography, Riparian Zones, and Soil Ages; 3.3.2.2 Influence of Nitrogen Inputs from Atmosphere and Fertilizers; 3.3.2.3 Influence of Land Use and Management Practices; 3.3.2.4 Influence of Manure and Excreta from Grazing Animals; 3.3.2.5 Influence of Plants; 3.3.2.6 Influence of Soil Depth; 3.3.3 Summary; 3.4 Specific Applications of 15N Stable Isotopes Techniques in Agricultural Systems; 3.4.1 Applications of 15N Dilution Method.
• Publisher Details: Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2018
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 631.58; Nitrogen in agriculture; Soils -- Nitrogen content; TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING -- Agriculture -- General; Nitrogen in agriculture; Soils -- Nitrogen content; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781315228860; 1315228866; 9781351857413; 9781351857406; 1351857401
• Related ISBNs: 135185741X; 9781138626362; 1138626368
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.