Forensic anthropology : theoretical framework and scientific basis /: theoretical framework and scientific basis. (2018)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Editors, Clifford Boyd and Donna Boyd.
• Editors: Jr, Boyd, C. Clifford, 1952-; Boyd, Donna, 1960-
• Contents: About the Editors, xv Notes on contributors, xvii Foreword, xxiii; ; Series preface, xxv Acknowledgments, xxvii 1 The theoretical and scientific foundations of forensic anthropology, 1; C. Clifford Boyd and Donna C. Boyd 1.1 Introduction, 1 1.2 A selective history of theory in forensic anthropology, 2 1.3 A modern perspective on forensic anthropology theory, 5 1.3.1 Three forms of logical reasoning, 8 1.3.2 Theory building in forensic anthropology: Linking logic and theory, 10 1.4 Forensic anthropology theory and modern practice, 12 1.5 Final comments, 15 References, 15 Part 1 Bias and objectivity in forensic anthropology theory and practice, 19 2 Subjective with a capital S? Issues of objectivity in forensic anthropology, 21; Allysha Powanda Winburn 2.1 Introduction, 21 2.2 Objectivity, subjectivity, and forensic anthropological theory, 22 2.3 Subjectivity in science, 24 2.3.1 Subjectivity in forensic anthropology, 24 2.3.2 Effects of bias on forensic anthropology, 25 2.3.3 Subjective science is not bad science, 26 2.4 Mitigated objectivity: A path forward…, 27 2.4.1 Constraining subjectivity and bias, 28 2.4.2 The continuing process of constraint, 33 2.5 Conclusion, 34 References, 34 3 Navigating cognitive bias in forensic anthropology, 39; Michael W. Warren, Amanda N. Friend and Michala K. Stock 3.1 Introduction, 39 3.2 Types of cognitive bias, 40 3.3 Research versus applied science, 41 3.4 Recommended solutions to mitigate confirmation bias, 43 3.5 Challenges unique to forensic anthropology, 44 3.5.1 Anthropologists work in a variety of professional contexts, 44 3.5.2 The uniqueness of the forensic anthropology testing sample, 45 3.5.3 Multiple tests to reach a single conclusion, 45 3.6 An example of how bias affects procedures, 46 3.7 Workable solutions, 49 3.8 Summary, 49 References, 50 4 Theoretically interesting: Different perspectives of the application of theory to forensic anthropology practice and research, 53; Soren Blau 4.1 Introduction, 53 4.2 Practising in context, 56 4.3 Ethical considerations for the development of theory, 58 4.4 Can theories be applied universally?, 59 4.5 Conclusion, 59 Acknowledgements, 61 References, 61 Part 2 The theory and science behind biological profile and personal identification, 65 5 From Blumenbach to Howells: The slow, painful emergence of theory through forensic race estimation, 67; Stephen Ousley, Richard L. Jantz and Joseph T. Hefner 5.1 Introduction, 67 5.2 Race as a concept and theory, 68 5.2.1 Evolution, rather than race, explains human biological variation, 70 5.2.2 Human variation is continuous, 72 5.2.3 Human biological variation involves many traits that typically vary independently, 73 5.2.4 Genetic variation within so?]called races is much greater than the variation among them, 74 5.2.5 There is no way to consistently classify human beings by race, 75 5.3 Anthropology and race, 79 5.4 Forensic anthropology and race, 85 5.5 Race and the future, 90 Acknowledgments, 92 References, 92 6 The application of theory in skeletal age estimation, 99; Natalie R. Langley and Beatrix Dudzik 6.1 Introduction, 99 6.2 Skeletal age, 101 6.3 Historical context, 101 6.4 Forensic anthropology and evolutionary biology, 102 6.5 Potential solutions to the problem of age estimation, 105 6.6 Final comments, 107 References, 109 7 Theory and histological methods, 113; Christian M. Crowder, Deborrah C. Pinto, Janna M. Andronowski and Victoria M. Dominguez 7.1 Introduction, 113 7.2 Foundational theory in bone biology, 114 7.3 Interpretive theory in bone biology, 115 7.3.1 Form and function, 115 7.3.2 The mechanostat and Utah paradigm, 116 7.3.3 Exploring the effectors of the mechanostat, 117 7.4 Methodological theory in bone biology, 119 7.4.1 Histological age estimation, 120 7.4.2 Determining human versus nonhuman bone, 121 7.5 Conclusions, 122 References, 123 8 Forensic applications of isotope landscapes (“isoscapes”): A tool for predicting region?]of?]origin in forensic anthropology cases, 127 ; Lesley A. Chesson, Brett J. Tipple, James R. Ehleringer, Todd Park and Eric J. Bartelink 8.1 Introduction, 127 8.2 What are isotopes?, 128 8.3 Why do isotope compositions of human tissues differ?, 129 8.3.1 Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, 130 8.3.2 Strontium isotopes, 130 8.3.3 Carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotopes, 132 8.4 How do we interpret isotope data collected for forensic human identification?, 133 8.4.1 Oxygen isotopes in drinking water and hair keratin, 134 8.4.2 Oxygen isotopes in drinking water and skeletal bioapatite, 137 8.4.3 Strontium isotopes of local bedrock and skeletal remains, 138 8.5 Examples of the application of isotope analysis to unidentified remains, 139 8.5.1 Jane Doe from Salt Lake County, 139 8.5.2 Isolated mandible from Siskiyou County, 141 8.6 What are the future applications of isotope analysis?, 144 Acknowledgments, 144 References, 145 Part 3 Scientific foundation for interpretations of antemortem, perimortem, and postmortem processes, 149 9 The anatomical basis for fracture repair: Recognition of the healing continuum and its forensic applications to investigations of pediatric and elderly abuse, 151; Donna C. Boyd 9.1 Introduction: Diagnosing pediatric and elderly non?]accidental injury, 151 9.2 Theoretical basis for antemortem healing and TSI estimation, 153 9.3 Anatomical basis for fracture healing, 154 9.3.1 Bone growth and development, 155 9.3.2 Fracture healing, 157 9.4 Factors affecting the rate of bone healing, 162 9.4.1 The biological profile (age, sex, ancestry), 162 9.4.2 Type, location, cause, severity, and number of injuries, 163 9.4.3 Injury treatment and local biomechanical factors, 164 9.4.4 Systemic and other factors, 165 9.5 Antemortem fracture healing stages and dating systems, 166 9.6 A new model for fracture repair, 174 9.7 Expanding and refining TSI estimation through the Antemortem Fracture Archive, 181 9.8 Theory and the future of TSI estimation, 184 References, 184 Appendix A, 195 Major fracture repair stages and TSI estimations, 195 10 Theoretical foundation of child abuse, 201; Jennifer C. Love and Miriam E. Soto Martinez 10.1 Introduction, 201 10.2 Case study, 201 10.3 Anthropologists and child abuse, 202 10.4 Foundational theory, 203 10.5 Interpretive theory, 204 10.5.1 Bone biomechanics, 205 10.5.2 Motor skill development, 207 10.6 Methodological theory, 207 10.7 Conclusion, 209 References, 209 11 Bone trauma analysis in a forensic setting: Theoretical basis and a practical approach for evaluation, 213; Hugh E. Berryman, John F. Berryman and Tiffany B. Saul 11.1 Introduction, 213 11.2 Theory, 214 11.2.1 Foundational theory, 215 11.2.2 Interpretive theory, 216 11.2.3 Methodological theory, 217 11.3 Fundamental principles in bone fracture interpretation, 218 11.4 A practical approach t
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Publication Date: 2018
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 614.17; Forensic anthropology
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119226420; 9781119226406
• Related ISBNs: 9781119226383
• Notes: Note: Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
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