Direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry : principles and practices of DART-MS /: principles and practices of DART-MS. (2018)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Yiyang Dong.
• Authors: Dong, Yiyang
• Editors: Dong, Yiyang
• Contents: Preface xv About the Editor xvii 1 Introduction of Mass Spectrometry and Ambient Ionization Techniques 1; Yiyang Dong, Jiahui Liu, and Tianyang Guo 1.1 Evolution of Analytical Chemistry and Its Challenges in the Twenty-First Century 1 1.2 Historical Overview of Mass Spectrometry and Its Role in Contemporary Analytical Chemistry 5 1.3 Desorption/Ionization in Mass Spectrometry 12 1.3.1 Electronic Ionization (EI) 13 1.3.2 Chemical Ionization (CI) 14 1.3.3 Fast Atom/Ion Bombardment Ionization (FAB) 15 1.3.4 Electrospray Ionization (ESI) 16 1.3.5 Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) 18 1.3.6 Field Desorption (FD) or Field Ionization (FI) 19 1.3.7 Plasma Desorption (PD) (ICP, LTP, DART) 19 1.4 Ambient Ionization and Direct Analysis in Real Time 21 1.4.1 Ambient Ionization 21 1.4.2 Direct Analysis in Real Time 24 1.4.2.1 Mechanisms 24 1.4.2.2 Parameters 27 1.4.2.3 Devices 29 References 30 2 DART Mass Spectrometry: Principle and Ionization Facilities 43; David Rondeau 2.1 Introduction 43 2.2 Metastable Gas Stream Formation 43 2.3 Ionization Mechanisms in Positive DART 45 2.3.1 Generation of Primary Ions by Ambient Air Ionization 46 2.3.2 Formation of the Protonated Molecules 50 2.3.3 Formation of the Ammonium Adducts 54 2.3.4 Formation of the Radical Cations and Their Fragments 55 2.3.5 Matrix Effects in DART Due to Sample Solvents 59 2.4 Ionization Mechanisms in Negative DART 65 2.4.1 Generation of Primary Ions by Ambient Air Ionization 65 2.4.2 Formation of Deprotonated Molecules 68 2.4.3 Formation of Radical Anions 69 2.4.4 Formation of Anionic Adducts 70 2.5 Some Parameters Affecting the DART Mass Spectra 71 2.5.1 Substitution of Helium by Nitrogen or Argon 71 2.5.2 The Temperature of the Gas Stream 75 2.5.3 The Internal Energy of Ions in DART-MS 76 2.6 Conclusion 78 References 78 3 Sampling and Analyte Enrichment Strategies for DART-MS 81; WenMa, Xianjiang Li, and Huwei Liu 3.1 Dilution Strategy for Sticky Sample Analysis 81 3.2 Purification Strategy for Eliminating the Matrix Interference 82 3.2.1 Liquid Phase Extraction 82 3.2.2 Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) 86 3.2.3 Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME) 87 3.3 Derivatization Strategy to Decrease Polarity and Enhance Volatility 89 3.4 Conclusions 91 References 91 4 Optimization of DART andMass Spectrometric Parameters 97; GuohuaWu andWushuang Li 4.1 Introduction 97 4.2 Effect ofWorking Gas Type, Gas Flow Rate, and Its Temperature 98 4.2.1 Gas Type 98 4.2.2 Gas Flow Rate 99 4.2.3 TheWorking Gas Temperature of DART Ionization Source 100 4.3 Effects of Grid Electrode Voltage and Sampling Speed 102 4.3.1 Effect of Grid Electrode Voltage 102 4.3.2 Effect of Sampling Speed 103 4.4 Effect of the SamplingMode 104 4.4.1 SamplingMethods 104 4.4.2 Position and Angle of the DART Ion Source 105 4.5 Effect of Ion Mode 106 4.6 Effect of Solvent Type and Reagents 108 4.7 Summary 109 References 109 5 Interfacing DART to Extend Analytical Capabilities 115; Yiding Zhang, Shuting Xu, and Yu Bai 5.1 Introduction 115 5.2 Interfacing DART with Different Separation Techniques 116 5.2.1 Solid Samples 116 5.2.2 Gaseous Samples 118 5.2.3 Liquid Samples 119 5.2.3.1 Liquid Chromatography 119 5.2.3.2 Capillary Electrophoresis 123 5.3 Techniques of Interfacing DART with Other Analytical Techniques 125 5.3.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance 125 5.3.2 Ion Mobility Spectrometry 126 5.4 Conclusion and Perspectives 129 References 129 6 Application of DART-MS in Foods and Agro-Products Analysis 133; Canping Pan and Lei Wang 6.1 Introduction 133 6.2 Applications of DART-MS in Agriculture and Food Science 134 6.2.1 DART-MS in Pesticide Residue Analysis 134 6.2.1.1 Fast Screening Purposes 134 6.2.1.2 Screening Highly Hazardous Pesticides in Agrochemical Formulations 140 6.2.1.3 QuantitativeMRM Residue Method 147 6.2.2 Veterinary Drug Residue Detection 148 6.2.3 Fast Detection of Melamine in Milk 149 6.2.4 Detection of Mycotoxins in Cereals 150 6.2.5 Food Component Rapid Analysis 151 6.2.6 Contaminations in Food Contact Materials (FCMs) 156 6.3 Conclusion 156 References 157 7 Application of DART-MS for Industrial Chemical Analysis 163; Qiang Ma 7.1 Application on Household Items 163 7.1.1 Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Analysis in Articles for Daily Use 163 7.1.2 Identification of Sulfides in Drywall 165 7.1.3 Phosphoric Acid Esters Screening in Aqueous Samples 168 7.2 Application on Food Packaging Safety and Quality Control 172 7.2.1 Identification of PDMS in Food Packaging Materials 172 7.2.2 Identification of Polymer Additives in Food and Food Packaging 175 7.2.3 Identification of Residue Primary Aromatic Amines (PAAs) in Food Packaging Materials 176 7.3 Application on Pharmaceutical Products 177 7.3.1 Toxic Glycols Identification 177 7.3.2 Identification of Active Ingredients in Chinese Herbal Medicines 179 7.4 Application on Cosmetics Quality Control 182 7.4.1 Screening of Glucocorticoids Illegal Addition 182 7.5 Application on Other Industrial Chemical Fields 184 7.5.1 Ink Discrimination on Questioned Document 184 7.5.2 Ionic Liquids Identification 189 7.6 Conclusions 190 References 190 8 Application of Direct Analysis in Real Time Coupled toMass Spectrometry (DART-MS) for the Analysis of Environmental Contaminants 193; Maxime C. Bridoux and Sébastien Schramm 8.1 Introduction 193 8.2 Screening and Quantitative Analysis of Pesticides 194 8.3 Flame Retardants DART-MS Analysis 204 8.3.1 Organophosphorus Flame Retardants (OPFRs) 204 8.3.2 Brominated Flame Retardants (BFRs) 207 8.4 Use of DART-MS for the Analysis of Personal Care Products (PCPs) 210 8.4.1 Screening of Organic UV Filters inWater 210 8.4.2 Screening of Phthalic Acid Diesters 211 8.4.3 HPLC-DART-MS Analysis of Parabens 211 8.5 Use of DART-MS for the Analysis of Aerosols 212 8.5.1 Online DART for Aerosols Analysis 212 8.5.2 Offline DART Methods 213 8.5.3 Advantages and Limitations of DART-MS for Aerosols Characterization 213 8.6 Miscellaneous Environmental Application of DART-MS 214 8.7 Conclusions 215 References 216 9 Application of DART-MS in Clinical and Pharmacological Analysis 223; Yue Li 9.1 Introduction 223 9.2 Sample Preparation 224 9.3 Applications of DART-MS 225 9.3.1 Rapid Determination of Small Organic Compounds in Biological Samples 225 9.3.1.1 Analysis of a Bitter Herbal Medicine Gentiana scabra Root Extract 225 9.3.1.2 Simultaneous Determination of 3-Chlorotyrosine and 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Plasma 226 9.3.1.3 Rapid Screening for Methamphetamine, 3, 4-Methylene-dioxymethamphetamine, andTheir Metabolites in Urine 227 9.3.2 Newborn Screening for Phenylketonuria 227 9.3.3 DART-MS Analysis of Skin Metabolome Changes in Ultraviolet B-Induced Mice 228 9.3.4 Application in Detection of Breast Cancer 231 9.3.5 Transmission Mode DART-MS for Fast Untargeted Metabolic Fingerprinting 232 9.3.6 Applications of Confined DART Ion Source for Online In vivo Analysis of Human
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
• Publication Date: 2018
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 543.65; Mass spectrometry; Ionization
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9783527803712; 9783527803736; 9783527803729
• Related ISBNs: 9783527341849
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