Cyanide in water and soil : chemistry, risk, and management /: chemistry, risk, and management. (2005)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: David A. Dzombak, Rajat S. Ghosh, George M. Wong-Chong.
• Other Names: Dzombak, David A; Ghosh, Rajat S; Wong-Chong, George M
• Contents: Introduction ; Cyanide in History; Cyanide Chemical Structure; Cyanide and the Origin of Life; Ubiquity of Cyanide Compounds in Nature; Cyanide in Industry; Cyanide Releases to Water and Soil; Cyanide: Chemistry, Risk and Management; Cyanide Regulations; Cyanide Treatment Technology; Summary and Conclusions; References; PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL FORMS OF CYANIDE ; Gaseous Forms of Cyanide; Aqueous Forms of Cyanide; Solid Forms of Cyanide; Summary and Conclusions; References Natural Sources of Cyanide ; Cyanide in Vascular Plants; Cyanide in Microorganisms; Cyanide in Animals; Cyanide in Forest Fires; Summary and Conclusions; References Manufacture and the Use of Cyanide ; Production of Cyanide Compounds; Incidental Industrial Production of Cyanide; Summary and Conclusions; References; PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND REACTIVITY OF CYANIDE IN WATER AND SOIL; Free Cyanide; Metal Cyanides: Aqueous Species; Metal-Cyanides: Solid Phase Compounds; Cyanate; Thiocyanate; Organocyanides; Summary and Conclusions; References Biological Transformation of Cyanide in Water and Soil ; Microbial Degradation; Fungal Degradation; Pathways for Fungal Degradation of Cyanogenic Compounds; Bacterial Assimilation; Fungal Assimilation; Botanical Transformation Processes; Environmental Impacts of Cyanide Assimilation; Summary and Conclusions; References; ANALYSIS OF CYANIDE IN WATER ; Interferences and Pretreatments; Total Cyanide Measurement Techniques; Weak Metal-Cyanide Complexes; Metal Cyanide Complex Analysis by Liquid Chormatography; Free Cyanide Analysis; Thiocyanate and Cyanate Measurement Techniques; Cyanogen Halide Analysis; Organocyanide Measurement Techniques; Comparative Method Performance; Quality Control Criteria for Measurement of Cyanide in Water; Measuring Cyanides – A Regulatory Dilemma; Summary and Conclusions; References Analysis of Cyanide in Solids and Semi-Solids ; Direct Acid Distillation; Acid Solution Extraction ; Neutral Solution Extraction; Alkaline Solution Extraction; Effect of Extraction Solution pH; Effect of Liquid-Solid Ratio; Effect of Extraction Time; Extraction of Plant and Animal Tissue, and other Semi-Solid Materials; Quality Control and Method Performance Evaluation; Summary and Conclusions; References; FATE AND TRANSPORT OF ANTHROPOGENIC CYANIDE IN SURFACE WATER; Synoptic Review of Cyanide Speciation and Toxicity; Primary Cyanide Fate-Determining Environmental Processes; Prediction and Assessment of Exposure to Cyanide; Summary and Conclusions; References; FATE AND TRANSPORT OF ANTHROPOGENIC CYANIDE IN SOIL AND GROUNDWATER; Distribution and Speciation of Cyanide at Industrial Sites; Impact of Site Geochemistry on Speciation and Distribution of Cyanide; Important Fate Processes for Cyanide; Transport of Cyanide in Soil and Groundwater at Contaminated Sites; Summary and Conclusions; References; ANTHROPOGENIC CYANIDE IN THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT ; Wastewater Discharges to Coastal Waters; Use of Cyanide for Capturing Live Reef Fish; Summary and Conclusions; References; Cyanide Cycle in Nature ; Global Output of Cyanide; Physical, Chemical and Biological Processes that Influence Environmental Fate of Cyanide; Why Doesn’t Cyanide Build-up in Nature?; Cycling of Anthropogenic Cyanide in Nature; Combined Natural and Anthropogenic Cyanide Cycle; Summary and Conclusions; References; Human Toxicology of Cyanide ; Exposure; Sites of Action; Symptoms and Signs Caused by Cyanide; Generation and Metabolism of Cyanide in Body Tissues; Mechanisms of Cyanide Toxicity; Cyanide Antidotes; Summary and Conclusions; References AQUATIC TOXICITY OF CYANIDE ; Mechanisms of Toxicity; Cyanide Bioavailability; Toxicity to Freshwater Biota; Toxicity to Marine Biota; Regulatory Criteria for Protection of Aquatic Life; Summary and Conclusions; References; TOXICITY OF CYANIDE TO AQUATIC-DEPENDENT WILDLIFE ; Distribution of Cyanide in the Environment; Exposure Pathways; Mechanisms of Toxicity; Literature Review Methods and Scope; Data Analysis; Discussion; Bioaccumulation of Cyanide; Toxicity Thresholds for Cyanide; Summary and Conclusions; References; HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF CYANIDE COMPOUNDS IN WATER AND SOIL; Environmental Concentrations and Exposure Pathways; Exposure Pathways; Toxicity Evaluation; Risk Characteristics; Recommendations; Summary and Conclusions; References ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT OF CYANIDE IN WATER AND SOIL ; Problem Formulation; Ecological Effects Assessment; Ecological Exposure Assessment; Risk Characterization; Summary and Conclusions; References REGULATION OF CYANIDE IN WATER AND SOIL ; U.S. Regulations and Guidelines for Cyanide in Water; Regulatory Standards, Guidelines, and Criteria for Solid Matrices – Soil, Sediment and Process Residuals; International Regulatory Standards for Cyanide in Water and Soil; Technical/Regulatory Issues; Summary and Conclusions; References Cyanide Treatment Technology: Overview ; Technology Selection; Summary and Conclusions; References; AMBIENT TEMPERATURE OXIDATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF CYANIDE; Alkaline Chlorination Technologies; Oxidation Technologies with Ozone and Hydrogen Peroxide; Photocatalytic Oxidation Technology; Inco’S Air/SO2 Process; Additional Technologies; Summary and Conclusions; References SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF CYANIDE ; Adsorption Technologies; Precipitation Technologies; Air Stripping; Summary and Conclusions; References; THERMAL AND HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF CYANIDE; High Temperature Alkaline Hydrolysis; High Temperature Alkaline Chlorination ; Incineration/Thermal Treatment; Electrolytic Decomposition or Oxidation; Polysulfide Process; Wet Air Oxidation; Other Thermal Technologies; Thermal Technology Overview; Summary and Conclusions; References MICROBIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR TREATMENT OF CYANIDE ; Process Fundamentals; Wastewater Treatment Process Configurations; Full-Scale Application of Biological Treatment for Cyanide in Gold Mining; Biological Treatment of Solid Wastes Containing Cyanide; Summary and Conclusions; References; Cyanide Phytoremediation ; Phytoremediation: An Emerging Biotechnology; Cyanide Contamination in the Environment; Feasibility of Cyanide Phytoremediation; Modeling Cyanide Uptake and Fate in Plants; Cyanide Phytoremediation: Limitations and Challenges; Possible Scenarios for Cyanide Phytoremediation; Regulatory Concerns; Summary and Conclusions; References Management of Cyanide in Municipal Wastewaters ; Sources of Cyanide in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Influent; Fate of Cyanide in Municipal Wastewater Treatment; Generation of Cyanide in Municipal Wastewater Treatment; Management Strategies for Low-Level Cyanide in Discharges from POTWs; Summary and Conclusions; References MANAGEMENT OF CYANIDE IN INDUSTRIAL PROCESS WASTEWATERS ; Management Strategy; Examples of Cyanide Management in Industrial Wastewaters; Summary and Conclusions; References; CYANIDE MANAGEMENT IN GROUNDWATER AND SOIL ; Groundwater Management; Management of Cyanide-Impacted Soil and/or Residuals; Case Studies; Summary and Conclusions; References
• Publisher Details: Place of publication not identified : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2005
• Extent: 1 online resource (616 pages), (133 illustrations)
• Subjects: 628.52; Water -- Pollution; Contaminated sediments; Cyanides
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781420032079; 1420032070
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.