Analysis and performance of fiber composites. (2017)

• Record Type: Book
• Authors: Agarwal, Bhagwan D; Broutman, Lawrence J; Chandrashekhara, K
• Contents: Preface xv About the Companion Website xvii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Definition / 1 1.2 Classification / 2 1.3 Particulate Composites / 2 1.4 Fiber-Reinforced Composites / 5 1.5 Applications of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites / 7 Exercise Problems / 15 References / 16 2 Fibers, Matrices, and Fabrication of Composites 17 2.1 Reinforcing Fibers / 17 2.1.1 Glass Fibers / 19 2.1.2 Carbon and Graphite Fibers / 25 2.1.3 Aramid Fibers / 29 2.1.4 Boron Fibers / 30 2.1.5 Other Fibers / 31 2.2 Matrix Materials / 33 2.2.1 Polymers / 33 2.2.2 Metals / 44 2.3 Fabrication of Fiber Composite Products / 45 2.3.1 Fabrication with Thermosetting Resin Matrices / 45 2.3.2 Fabrication with Thermoplastic Resin Matrices / 59 2.3.3 Sandwich Composites / 61 2.3.4 Fabrication with Metal Matrices / 63 2.3.5 Fabrication with Ceramic Matrices / 64 Suggested Reading / 65 3 Micromechanics of Unidirectional Composites 67 3.1 Introduction / 67 3.1.1 Nomenclature / 68 3.1.2 Volume and Weight Fractions / 68 3.2 Longitudinal Loading: Deformation, Modulus, and Strength / 70 3.2.1 Model / 70 3.2.2 Deformation under Small Loads / 71 3.2.3 Load Sharing / 74 3.2.4 Behavior beyond Initial Deformation / 76 3.2.5 Failure Mechanism and Longitudinal Strength / 78 3.2.6 Factors Influencing Longitudinal Strength and Stiffness / 80 3.3 Transverse Loading: Modulus and Strength / 83 3.3.1 Model / 83 3.3.2 Elasticity Methods of Stiffness Prediction / 85 3.3.3 Halpin–Tsai Equations for Transverse Modulus / 86 3.3.4 Transverse Strength / 89 3.4 Shear Modulus / 92 3.5 Poisson’s Ratios / 96 3.6 Expansion Coefficients and Transport Properties / 97 3.6.1 Thermal Expansion Coefficients / 97 3.6.2 Moisture Absorption and Expansion Coefficients / 99 3.6.3 Transport Properties / 100 3.7 Failure of Unidirectional Composites / 105 3.7.1 Microscopic Failure Events / 105 3.7.2 Failure under Longitudinal Tensile Loads / 108 3.7.3 Failure under Longitudinal Compressive Loads / 111 3.7.4 Failure under Transverse Tensile Loads / 115 3.7.5 Failure under Transverse Compressive Loads / 116 3.7.6 Failure under In-Plane Shear Loads / 120 3.8 Typical Properties of Unidirectional Fiber Composites / 120 Exercise Problems / 121 References / 126 4 Short-Fiber Composites 129 4.1 Introduction / 129 4.2 Load Transfer to Fibers / 130 4.2.1 Simplified Analysis of Stress Transfer / 130 4.2.2 Stress Distributions from Finite-Element Analysis / 134 4.3 Predicting Modulus and Strength of Short-Fiber Composites / 136 4.3.1 Average Fiber Stress / 136 4.3.2 Longitudinal and Transverse Modulus of Aligned Short-Fiber Composites / 137 4.3.3 Modulus of Randomly Oriented Short-Fiber Composites / 138 4.3.4 Longitudinal Strength of Aligned Short-Fiber Composites / 142 4.3.5 Strength of Randomly Oriented Short-Fiber Composites / 143 4.4 Influence of Matrix Ductility on Properties / 144 Exercise Problems / 148 References / 149 5 Macromechanics Analysis of an Orthotropic Lamina 151 5.1 Introduction / 151 5.1.1 Orthotropic Materials / 151 5.2 Stress–Strain Relations for Unidirectional Composites / 153 5.2.1 Engineering Constants in Longitudinal and Transverse Directions / 153 5.2.2 Off-Axis Engineering Constants / 156 5.2.3 Transformation of Engineering Constants / 158 5.3 Hooke’s Law and Stiffness and Compliance Matrices / 167 5.3.1 General Anisotropic Material / 167 5.3.2 Transformation of Stress, Strain, and Elasticity Constants / 169 5.3.3 Stress–Strain Relations for Orthotropic Materials / 169 5.3.4 Transversely Isotropic Material / 170 5.3.5 Isotropic Material / 171 5.3.6 Orthotropic Material under Plane Stress / 172 5.3.7 Compliance Tensor and Compliance Matrix / 173 5.3.8 Relations between Engineering Constants and Elements of Stiffness and Compliance Matrices / 174 5.3.9 Restrictions on Elastic Constants / 177 5.3.10 Transformation of Stiffness and Compliance Matrices / 178 5.3.11 Invariant Forms of Stiffness and Compliance Matrices / 182 5.4 Strengths of an Orthotropic Lamina / 185 5.4.1 Maximum-Stress Theory / 186 5.4.2 Maximum-Strain Theory / 188 5.4.3 Maximum-Work Theory / 190 5.4.4 Importance of Sign on Off-Axis Strength of Composites / 193 Exercise Problems / 196 References / 200 6 Analysis of Laminated Composites 202 6.1 Classical Lamination Theory / 202 6.1.1 Introduction / 202 6.1.2 Laminate Displacements and Strains / 202 6.1.3 Laminate Stresses / 205 6.1.4 Resultant Forces and Moments / 206 6.1.5 Laminate Constitutive Relations / 207 6.2 Laminate Description System / 213 6.3 Design, Construction, and Properties of Laminates / 215 6.3.1 Symmetric Laminates / 215 6.3.2 Unidirectional, Cross-Ply, and Angle-Ply Laminates / 215 6.3.3 Quasi-isotropic Laminates / 216 6.4 Failure of Laminates / 224 6.4.1 Initial Failure / 224 6.4.2 Laminate Analysis after Initial Failure / 228 6.5 Hygrothermal Stresses in Laminates / 238 6.5.1 Concepts of Thermal Stresses / 238 6.5.2 Hygrothermal Stress Calculations / 240 6.6 Laminate Analysis through Computers / 251 Exercise Problems / 255 References / 259 7 Analysis of Laminated Plates and Beams 260 7.1 Introduction / 260 7.2 Governing Equations for Plates / 261 7.2.1 Equilibrium Equations / 261 7.2.2 Equilibrium Equations in Terms of Displacements / 264 7.3 Application of Plate Theory / 266 7.3.1 Bending of Specially Orthotropic Laminates / 266 7.3.2 Buckling / 276 7.3.3 Free Vibrations / 281 7.4 Deformations Due to Transverse Shear / 286 7.4.1 First-Order Shear Deformation Theory / 287 7.4.2 Higher-Order Shear Deformation Theory / 290 7.5 Analysis of Laminated Beams / 293 7.5.1 Governing Equations for Laminated Beams / 293 7.5.2 Application of Beam Theory / 295 Exercise Problems / 299 References / 301 8 Advanced Topics in Fiber Composites 302 8.1 Interlaminar Stresses and Free-Edge Effects / 302 8.1.1 Concepts of Interlaminar Stresses / 302 8.1.2 Determination of Interlaminar Stresses / 304 8.1.3 Effect of Stacking Sequence on Interlaminar Stresses / 306 8.1.4 Approximate Solutions for Interlaminar Stresses / 308 8.1.5 Summary / 312 8.2 Fracture Mechanics of Fiber Composites / 313 8.2.1 Introduction / 313 8.2.2 Fracture Mechanics Concepts and Measures of Fracture Toughness / 315 8.2.3 Fracture Toughness of Composite Laminates / 323 8.2.4 Whitney–Nuismer Failure Criteria for Notched Composites / 327 8.3 Joints for Composite Structures / 332 8.3.1 Adhesively Bonded Joints / 333 8.3.2 Mechanically Fastened Joints / 337 8.3.3 Bonded-Fastened Joints / 339 Exercise Problems / 339 References / 340 9 Performance of Fiber Composites: Fatigue, Impact, and Environmental Effects 345 9.1 Fatigue / 345 9.1.1 Introduction / 345 9.1.2 Fatigue Damage / 346 9.1.3 Factors Influencing Fatigue Behavior / 354 9.1.4 Empirical Relations for Fatigue Damage and Fatigue Life / 361 9.1.5 Fatigue of Hi
• Edition: Fourth edition
• Publisher Details: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Publication Date: 2017
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 620.118; Fibrous composites; Reinforced plastics
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119389972; 9781119390008
• Related ISBNs: 9781119389989
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.; Note: Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.
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