Calcium Entry Channels in Non-Excitable Cells. (2017)

• Record Type: Book
• Other Names: Kozak, Juliusz Ashot; Putney, Jr. James W
• Contents: Cover -- Half Title -- Series Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Series Preface -- Preface -- References -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Electrophysiological Methods for Recording CRAC and TRPV5/6 Channels -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Characteristics of Calcium Entry in Non-excitable Cells -- 1.3 CRAC Channels -- 1.3.1 CRAC Channels in the Native Environment -- 1.3.2 CRAC Current-Voltage Relation -- 1.3.3 Current Separation -- 1.3.4 Perforated-Patch Recording -- 1.3.5 CRAC Channel Activity with Various Permeating Cations -- 1.3.6 CRAC Single-Channel Conductance -- 1.3.7 Heterologously Expressed Orai/STIM Channels -- 1.4 TRPV5 and TRPV6 Channels -- 1.4.1 Heterologously Expressed TRPV5/6 -- 1.4.2 Endogenous TRPV5/6 Channels -- 1.4.3 Single-Channel Conductance -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 2: Studies of Structure-Function and Subunit Composition of Orai/STIM Channel -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 STIM1 -- 2.3 Orai -- 2.4 STIM1: Orai Interaction -- 2.5 Ion Conduction Pathway of the Orai Pore -- 2.6 Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 3: Signaling ER Store Depletion to Plasma Membrane Orai Channels -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.1.1 ER Calcium Repository -- 3.1.2 CRAC Current and the Underlying Players -- 3.1.3 SOCE Current as an Outcome of STIM-ORAI Coupling -- 3.2 ORAI Channel Structure -- 3.2.1 Calcium Binding Site -- 3.2.2 Pore Features Mapped by Cd2+ Block and Disulfide Cross-Linking Experiments -- 3.2.3 Drosophila Orai Structure -- 3.2.4 Pore from Outside to Inside -- 3.2.5 Cytoplasmic Extensions of ORAI1 -- 3.3 Overview of STIM1 Structure -- 3.3.1 Ca2+ Sensing by STIM1 Luminal Domain -- 3.3.2 Cytoplasmic Domain of STIM1 -- 3.3.3 ORAI-Interacting Machinery -- 3.4 STIM Active State -- 3.4.1 Activation of the Luminal Domain. 3.4.2 Activation Involves Extension of STIM1 Cytoplasmic Domain -- 3.4.3 CC1 and the Release of ORAI1-Interacting Machinery -- 3.4.4 Higher-Order STIM1 Oligomerization -- 3.5 Activation of ORAI1 Channels by STIM1 -- 3.5.1 Interaction of Activated STIM1 with ORAI1 -- 3.5.2 Gating of the ORAI1 Channel -- 3.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 4: Modulation of Orai1 and STIM1 by Cellular Factors -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Modulators of Orai1 via Protein Interaction -- 4.3 Vesicular Components in Regulation of Orai1 -- 4.4 Store-Independent Regulation of Orai1 via Protein Interaction -- 4.5 STIM1-Interacting Molecules at the ER-PM Junctions -- 4.6 Modulators of STIM1 Function -- 4.7 STIM1 as a Regulator for Non-CRAC Channel-Related Functions -- 4.8 Methods Used to Identify Interacting Partners of Orai1 and STIM1 -- 4.9 Conclusions and Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5: CRAC Channels and Ca2+ -Dependent Gene Expression -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Ca2+ Entry through CRAC Channels Activates Gene Expression -- 5.3 The Importance of Ca2+ Microdomains near Open CRAC Channels in the Regulation of Transcription -- 5.4 How Local Is Local? -- 5.5 Sensing Local Ca2+ near CRAC Channels -- 5.6 Parallel Processing of the CRAC Channel Ca2+ Microdomain -- 5.7 Caveolin-1 Differentially Regulates NFAT and c-Fos Activities -- 5.8 Modular Regulation by Caveolin-1 -- 5.9 Large Bulk Ca2+ Rises and c-Fos Gene Expression -- 5.10 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Function of Orai/Stim Proteins Studied in Transgenic Animal Models -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Strategies for Gene Targeting -- 6.2.1 Conventional Gene Targeting -- 6.2.2 Conditional Gene Targeting -- 6.2.3 Gene Trapping -- 6.3 Establishment of Orai/Stim-Deficient Mice at the Whole-Body Level -- 6.3.1 Orai1 Knockout Mouse -- 6.3.2 Stim1 Knockout Mouse. 6.3.3 Stim2 Knockout Mouse -- 6.3.4 Orai1 (R93W) Knock-In (KI) Mouse -- 6.4 Establishment of Tissue-Specific Orai/Stim-Deficient Mouse Lines -- 6.4.1 Orai1 Conditional KO (cKO) Mouse -- 6.4.2 Stim1 Conditional KO (cKO) Mouse -- 6.4.3 Stim2 Conditional KO (cKO) Mouse -- 6.4.4 Stim1 and Stim2 Double Conditional KO Mouse -- 6.5 Methods to Establish Murine Embryonic Fibroblast Lines from KO Mice -- 6.6 Function of Orai/Stim Proteins in the Immune System -- 6.6.1 T Lymphocytes -- 6.6.2 B Lymphocytes -- 6.6.3 Mast Cells -- 6.7 Function of Orai/Stim Proteins in the Muscle -- 6.8 Function of Orai/Stim Proteins in the Nervous System -- 6.9 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Assessing the Molecular Nature of the STIM1/Orai1 Coupling Interface Using FRET Approaches -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Strategy for Quantitative FRET Measurement -- 7.3 FRET Measurements to Quantitate SOAR-Orai1 Interactions -- 7.3.1 Generation of Stable Cell Lines -- 7.3.1.1 Electroporation for Initial Transfection -- 7.3.1.2 Selection of Stably Expressing Cells -- 7.3.1.3 Selection of Single Cells for Cloning Using the Patch-Clamp Rig -- 7.3.1.4 Checking Fluorescence and Functional Tests of Individual Clones -- 7.3.2 Calibration of FRET Imaging System -- 7.3.2.1 Assessment of Equimolar Fluorescence Intensity of Donor and Acceptor -- 7.3.2.2 Calibration of Bleed-Through Coefficients -- 7.3.3 Determination of G Constant Number -- 7.3.4 Data Collection -- 7.3.5 Data Analysis -- 7.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Optogenetic Approaches to Control Calcium Entry in Non-Excitable Cells -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Design of Opto-CRAC Constructs -- 8.2.1 CRY2-Based Strategy -- 8.2.2 LOV2-Based Strategy -- 8.3 Examples of Opto-CRAC Applications -- 8.3.1 Light-Operated Calcium Entry. 8.3.1.1 Calcium Imaging Using Fura-2 AM -- 8.3.1.2 Calcium Imaging with GECIs -- 8.3.2 Spatial Control of Calcium Signals -- 8.3.3 Temporal Control of Calcium Signals -- 8.3.4 Phototunable Ca2+ -Dependent Gene Expression in T Cells -- 8.3.4.1 Mouse Primary T Cell Isolation and Culture In Vitro -- 8.3.4.2 Retroviral Packaging and Transduction -- 8.3.4.3 Induction of IL2 and IFN-. Expression with Blue Light -- 8.3.5 NIR Light Control of Calcium Signaling In Vitro and In Vivo -- 8.4 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 9: Regulation of Orai/STIM Channels by pH -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Basic Methods -- 9.2.1 Cell Culture and Transfection -- 9.2.2 Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Orai -- 9.2.3 Orai/STIM Current Recording by Patch-Clamp Electrophysiology -- 9.2.4 Ca2+ Imaging -- 9.2.5 Measurement of Changes in Intracellular pH by Ratiometric pH i Imaging -- 9.3 Regulation of Orai/STIM Channel by Internal and External pH -- 9.3.1 Influence of Changes of Internal and External pH on Orai/STIM Channel Activation -- 9.3.2 Orai/STIM Channel Regulation by External Protons -- 9.3.3 Regulation of Orai/STIM Channel Activity by Internal Protons -- 9.3.4 Evaluation of Proton Permeation -- 9.4 Molecular Mechanisms of pH Sensitivity -- 9.4.1 Key Amino Acid Residues Responsible for Extracellular pH Sensitivity -- 9.4.2 Molecular Basis of Intracellular pH Sensitivity of Orai/STIM Channels -- 9.5 Functional Assessment of pH Regulation of Orai/STIM Channels -- 9.6 Summary and Future Research Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10: Non-Orai Partners of STIM Proteins: Role in ER-PM Communication and Ca2+ Signaling -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 ER-PM Ca2+ Signaling by STIM -- 10.3 Molecular Recognition of Non-Orai Signaling Molecules by STIM. 10.3.1 Non-Orai PM Ca2+ Transport Molecules as STIM Effectors -- 10.3.1.1 TRPC Channels -- 10.3.1.2 Voltage-Gated Ca2+ Channels (Ca V) -- 10.3.1.3 Plasma Membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) and Na + /Ca2+ Exchanger (NCX) -- 10.3.2 ER Proteins as Regulators and Effectors -- 10.3.2.1 SARAF -- 10.3.2.2 STIMATE -- 10.3.2.3 POST -- 10.3.2.4 Junctate -- 10.3.2.5 ORMDL3 -- 10.3.2.6 ERp57 -- 10.3.2.7 Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA) -- 10.3.3 Cytoplasmic Junctional Regulators -- 10.3.3.1 CRACR2A -- 10.3.3.2 Golli -- 10.3.4 Microtubules -- 10.3.5 Membrane Lipid Domains -- 10.4 ER-PM Junctional Ca2+ Signaling Hub-Molecular Recognition Meets Nanoarchitecture -- 10.5 Conclusion and Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 11: Store-Independent Orai Channels Regulated by STIM -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Biophysical Properties and Molecular Composition of SICE Channels -- 11.3 Methods for Measuring SICE Channel Function -- 11.3.1 Whole-Cell Patch Clamp Recording -- 11.3.1.1 Equipment Setup for Patch Clamp Recording -- 11.3.1.1.1 Amplifier, Low-Noise Digitizer, and Software -- 11.3.1.1.2 Microscope -- 11.3.1.1.3 Micromanipulator -- 11.3.1.1.4 Vibration Isolation Table -- 11.3.1.1.5 Faraday Cage -- 11.3.1.1.6 Micropipette Puller -- 11.3.1.1.7 Microforge -- 11.3.1.1.8 Computer -- 11.3.1.2 Solutions for Electrophysiological Recordings -- 11.3.1.2.1 For Activation of Currents Using Exogenous AA Delivered in the Bath -- 11.3.1.2.2 For Activation of Currents Using Intracellular LTC 4 Delivered through the Patch Pipette -- 11.3.1.2.3 For Activation of Store Depletion-Activated CRAC Currents -- 11.3.1.3 Experimental Procedures -- 11.3.1.3.1 Seeding Cells -- 11.3.1.3.2 Preparing Patch Pipettes -- 11.3.1.3.3 Performing Patch Clamp Electrophysiology Experiments -- 11.3.2 Calcium Imaging.
• Publisher Details: Portland : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2017
• Copyright Date: 2017
• Extent: 1 online resource (343 pages)
• Subjects: 572.696; SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology / Developmental Biology; Calcium Channels - physiology; SCIENCE / Life Sciences / Biology / Molecular Biology; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781351648639; 1351648632
• Related ISBNs: 9781498752725
• Notes: Note: Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources
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