Aircraft propulsion and gas turbine engines. (2008)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Ahmed F. El-Sayed.
• Other Names: El-Sayed, Ahmed F
• Contents: Part I Aero Engines and Gas Turbines ; Chapter 1 History and Classifications of Aero Engines . . . 3; 1.1 Prejet Engines—History 4; 1.1.1 Early Activities in Egypt and China 4; 1.1.2 Leonardo da Vinci . .. ... .5; 1.1.3 Branca’s Stamping Mill . . . 5; 1.1.4 Newton’s SteamWagon . . . 6; 1.1.5 Barber’s Gas Turbine . .. 6; 1.1.6 Miscellaneous Aero-Vehicles’Activities in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth; Centuries . .. . 7; 1.1.7 TheWright Brothers . .. . 8; 1.1.8 Significant Events up to 1940s . .. 10; 1.1.8.1 Aero-Vehicle Activities . . 10; 1.1.8.2 Reciprocating Engines . . . 12; 1.2 Jet Engines . . . . 13; 1.2.1 Jet Engine Inventors: Dr. Hans von Ohain and Sir FrankWhittle . . 13; 1.2.1.1 Sir Frank Whittle (1907–1996) . .. 13; 1.2.1.2 Dr. Hans von Ohain (1911–1998) . . . 14; 1.2.2 Turbojet Engines. .. .. 15; 1.2.3 Turboprop and Turboshaft Engines . 18; 1.2.4 Turbofan Engines . .. .21; 1.2.5 Propfan Engine 23; 1.2.6 Pulsejet, Ramjet, and Scramjet Engines . .. . . 24; 1.2.6.1 Pulsejet Engine . .. .. 24; 1.2.6.2 Ramjet and Scramjet Engines . .. . 25; 1.2.7 Industrial Gas Turbine Engines . .27; 1.3 Classifications of Aerospace Engines . .. . . 28; 1.4 Classification of Jet Engines. .. . . 29; 1.4.1 Ramjet. .. .29; 1.4.2 Pulsejet . .. . . . 30; 1.4.3 Scramjet . .. . . 31; 1.4.4 Turboramjet . . . . 31; 1.4.5 Turborocket . . . . 32; 1.5 Classification of Gas Turbine Engines . .. . 32; 1.5.1 Turbojet Engines. .. .. 33; 1.5.2 Turboprop . .. 34; 1.5.3 Turboshaft. .. 35; 1.5.4 Turbofan Engines . .. .37; 1.5.5 Propfan Engines . .. .. 41; 1.5.6 Advanced Ducted Fan . .42; 1.6 Industrial Gas Turbines . 43; 1.7 Non–Air-Breathing Engines . .. . . 44; 1.8 Future of Aircraft and Power Plant Industries . .. .. 44; Closure . . . . 52; Problems . . 52; References 54; Chapter 2 Performance Parameters of Jet Engines . .. . . . 57; 2.1 Introduction . . . 57; 2.2 Thrust Force . . . 57; 2.3 Factors Affecting Thrust 67; 2.3.1 Jet Nozzle . .. 67; 2.3.2 Air Speed . .. . 68; 2.3.3 Mass Air Flow . 68; 2.3.4 Altitude . .. . . . 68; 2.3.5 Ram Effect . .69; 2.4 Engine Performance Parameters . . . 70; 2.4.1 Propulsive Efficiency . .. 70; 2.4.2 Thermal Efficiency . .. . . 75; 2.4.3 Propeller Efficiency. .. . . 76; 2.4.4 Overall Efficiency . .. . . . 77; 2.4.5 Takeoff Thrust . 80; 2.4.6 Specific Fuel Consumption . .. . . . 81; 2.4.7 Aircraft Range . 82; 2.4.8 Range Factor . . . 85; 2.4.9 Endurance Factor . .. .85; 2.4.10 Specific Impulse . .. .. 87; Problems . . 91; References 94; Chapter 3 Pulsejet and Ramjet Engines . .. . . . 97; 3.1 Introduction . . . 97; 3.2 Pulsejet Engines. .. . . . 97; 3.2.1 Introduction . . . . 97; 3.2.2 Valved Pulsejet 98; 3.2.3 Valveless Pulsejet. .. .102; 3.2.4 Pulse Detonation Engine . . 103; 3.3 Ramjet Engines . .. . . . 106; 3.3.1 Ideal Ramjet . . . 107; 3.3.2 Real Cycle . .110; 3.4 Case Study. .129; 3.5 Summary and Governing Equations for ShockWaves and Isentropic Flow . .. .. 141; 3.5.1 Summary . .. . 141; 3.5.2 Normal ShockWave Relations . .141; 9196: “chap00” — 2007/11/27 — 18:19 — page ix — #9; 3.5.3 Oblique ShockWave Relations . .142; 3.5.4 Rayleigh-Flow Equations . .. .. 142; 3.5.5 Isentropic Relation . .. . . 142; Problems . . 143; References 145; Chapter 4 Turbojet Engine . 147; 4.1 Introduction . . . 147; 4.2 Single Spool . . . 149; 4.2.1 Examples of Engines . .. 149; 4.2.2 Thermodynamic Analysis . .. .. 150; 4.2.3 Ideal Case . .. 150; 4.2.4 Actual Case . . . . 165; 4.2.5 Comparison Between Operative and Inoperative Afterburner . .. . 175; 4.3 Two-Spool Engine . .. 178; 4.3.1 Nonafterburning Engine. . . 179; 4.3.1.1 Example of Engines . .. 179; 4.3.2.2 Thermodynamic Analysis 180; 4.3.3 Afterburning Engine . .. . 183; 4.3.3.1 Examples for Two-Spool Afterburning Turbojet Engines . .. .183; 4.3.2.2 Thermodynamic Analysis 184; 4.4 Statistical Analysis . .. 188; 4.5 Thrust Augmentation . . . 189; 4.5.1 Water Injection 189; 4.5.2 Afterburning . . . 190; 4.5.3 Pressure Loss in Afterburning Engine . .. .191; 4.6 Supersonic Turbojet . .195; 4.7 Optimization of the Turbojet Cycle . .. .198; Problems . . 209; References 213; Chapter 5 Turbofan Engines . .. .. 215; 5.1 Introduction . . . 215; 5.2 Forward Fan Unmixed Single-Spool Configuration. .216; 5.3 Forward Fan Unmixed Two-Spool Engines . 221; 5.3.1 The Fan and Low-Pressure Compressor on One Shaft. . . 221; 5.3.2 Fan Driven by the LPT and the Compressor Driven by the HPT . . . 232; 5.3.3 A Geared Fan Driven by the LPT and the Compressor Driven; by the HPT. .233; 5.4 Forward Fan Unmixed Three-Spool Engine . 235; 5.5 Forward Fan Mixed-Flow Engine . . 242; 5.5.1 Mixed-Flow Two-Spool Engine . . . . 242; 5.6 Mixed Turbofan with Afterburner . . 255; 5.6.1 Introduction . . . . 255; 5.6.2 Ideal Cycle . .256; 5.6.3 Real Cycle . .258; 5.7 AFT Fan . .. . 258; 5.8 V/STOL. .. . . 261; 5.8.1 Swiveling Nozzles . .. . . . 261; 5.8.2 Switch-In Deflector System . .. . . . 266; 5.9 Performance Analysis. . . 273; Summary. . 294; Problems . . 297; References 305; Chapter 6 Turboprop, Turboshaft, and Propfan Engines . . . 307; 6.1 Introduction to Turboprop Engines . .. .307; 6.2 Classification of Turboprop Engines . .. . . . 310; 6.3 Thermodynamic Analysis of Turboprop Engines. .. . . 312; 6.3.1 Single-Spool Turboprop . . . 312; 6.3.2 Two-Spool Turboprop . .316; 6.4 Analogy with Turbofan Engines. . . . 319; 6.5 Equivalent Engine Power . .. .. 320; 6.5.1 Static Condition320; 6.5.2 Flight Operation . .. .. 320; 6.6 Fuel Consumption . .. 320; 6.7 Turboprop Installation . . 321; 6.8 Performance Analysis. . . 329; 6.9 Comparison Between Turbojet, Turbofan, and Turboprop Engines . .. .330; 6.10 Turboshaft Engines . .333; 6.11 Power Generated by Turboshaft Engines . . . . 334; 6.11.1 Single-Spool Turboshaft . . 334; 6.11.2 Double-Spool Turboshaft . .. .. 335; 6.12 Examples for Turboshaft Engines . . 336; 6.13 Propfan Engines. .. . . . 337; Summary of Turboprop Relations . .. . . . 340; Problems . . 340; References 344; Chapter 7 High-Speed Supersonic and Hypersonic Engines . .. . . . 345; 7.1 Introduction . . . 345; 7.2 Supersonic Aircraft and Programs . .. .. 345; 7.2.1 Anglo-French Activities . . . 346; 7.2.2 Russian Activities . .. .347; 7.2.3 The U.S. Activities . .. . . . 347; 7.3 Future of Commercial Supersonic Technology . .. .349; 7.4 Technology Challenges of the Future Flight . 350; 7.5 High-Speed Supersonic and Hypersonic Propulsion . . . . 350; 7.5.1 Introduction . . . . 350; 7.5.2 Hybrid Cycle Engine . .. 351; 7.6 Turboramjet Engine . .352; 7.7 Wraparound Turboramjet . .. .. 352; 7.7.1 Operation as a Turbojet Engine . .352; 7.7.2 Operation as a Ramjet Engine . .. 355; 7.8 Over/Under Turboramjet . .. .. 356; 7.8.1 Turbojet Mode . 358; 7.8.2 Dual Mode . .358; 7.8.3 Ramjet Mode . . 358; 7.9 Turboramjet Performance . .. .358; 7.9.1 Turbojet Mode . 358; 7.9.2 Ramjet Mode . . 359; 7.9.3 Dual Mode . .359; 7.10 Case Study. .360; 7.11 Examples for Turboramjet Engines . .. .365; 7.12 Hypersonic Flight . .. . 367; 7.12.1 History of Hypersonic Vehicles. .367; 7.12.2 Hypersonic Commercial Transport . 369; 7.12.3 Military Applications . .. 370; 7.13 Scramjet Engines. .. . . 370; 7.13.1 Introduction . . . . 370; 7.13.2 Thermodynamics . .. .372; 7.14 Intake of a Scramjet Engine . .. . . 372; 7.15 Combustion Chamber. . . 373; 7.16 Nozzle . .. . . . 376; 7.17 Performance Parameters 376; Problems . . 380 &
• Publisher Details: Place of publication not identified : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2008
• Extent: 1 online resource, illustrations
• Subjects: 629.134353; Airplanes -- Turbojet engines; Aircraft gas-turbines
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781420008777; 1420008773
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.