Measurement and detection of radiation. (2010)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Nicholas Tsoulfanidis, Sheldon Landsberger.
• Other Names: Tsoulfanidis, Nicholas, 1938-; Landsberger, Sheldon
• Contents: Introduction to Radiation Measurements; What Is Meant by Radiation?; Statistical Nature of Radiation Emission; The Errors and Accuracy and Precision of Measurements; Types of Errors; Nuclear Instrumentation Statistical Errors of Radiation Counting ; Introduction; Definition of Probability; Basic Probability Theorems; Probability Distributions and Random Variables; Location Indexes (Mode, Median, Mean); Dispersion Indexes, Variance, and Standard Deviation; Covariance and Correlation; The Binomial Distribution; The Poisson Distribution; The Normal (Gaussian) Distribution; The Lorentzian Distribution; The Standard, Probable, and Other Errors; The Arithmetic Mean and Its Standard Error; Confidence Limits; Propagation of Errors; Goodness of Data—x 2 Criterion—Rejection of Data; The Statistical Error of Radiation Measurements; The Standard Error of Counting Rates; Methods of Error Reduction; Minimum Detectable Activity; Counter Dead-Time Correction and Measurement of Dead Time Review of Atomic and Nuclear Physics ; Introduction; Elements of Relativistic Kinematics; Atoms; Nuclei; Nuclear Binding Energy; Nuclear Energy Levels; Energetics of Nuclear Decays; The Radioactive Decay Law; Nuclear Reactions; Fission Energy Loss and Penetration of Radiation through Matter ; Introduction; Mechanisms of Charged-Particle Energy Loss; Stopping Power Due to Ionization and Excitation; Energy Loss Due to Bremsstrahlung Emission; Calculation of dE/dx for a Compound or Mixture; Range of Charged Particles; Stopping Power and Range of Heavy Ions (Z > 2, A > 4); Interactions of Photons with Matter; Interactions of Neutrons with Matter Gas-Filled Detectors ; Introduction; Relationship between High Voltage and Charge Collected; Different Types of Gas-Filled Detectors; Ionization Chambers; Proportional Counters; Geiger–Müller Counters; Gas-Flow Counters; Rate Meters; General Comments about Construction of Gas-Filled Detectors Scintillation Detectors ; Introduction; Inorganic (Crystal) Scintillators; Organic Scintillators; Gaseous Scintillators; The Relationship between Pulse Height and Energy and Type of Incident Particle; The Photomultiplier Tube; Assembly of a Scintillation Counter and the Role of Light Pipes; Dead Time of Scintillation Counters; Sources of Background in a Scintillation Counter; The Phoswich Detector Semiconductor Detectors ; Introduction; Electrical Classification of Solids; Semiconductors; The p-n Junction; The Different Types of Semiconductor Detectors; Radiation Damage to Semiconductor Detectors Relative and Absolute Measurements ; Introduction; Geometry Effects; Source Effects; Detector Effects; Relationship between Counting Rate and Source Strength Introduction to Spectroscopy ; Introduction; Definition of Energy Spectra; Measurement of an Integral Spectrum with a Single-Channel Analyzer (SCA); Measurement of a Differential Spectrum with an SCA; The Relationship between Pulse-Height Distribution and Energy Spectrum; Energy Resolution of a Detection System; Determination of the Energy Resolution—The Response Function; The Importance of Good Energy Resolution; Brief Description of a Multichannel Analyzer (MCA); Calibration of an MCA Electronics ; Introduction; Resistance, Capacitance, Inductance, and Impedance; A Differentiating Circuit; An Integrating Circuit; Delay Lines; Pulse Shaping; Timing; Coincidence-Anticoincidence Measurements; Pulse-Shape Discrimination; Preamplifiers; Amplifiers; Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC); Multiparameter Analyzers Data Analysis Methods; Introduction; Curve Fitting; Interpolation Schemes; Least-Squares Fitting; Folding and Unfolding; Data Smoothing Photon (Gamma-Ray and X-Ray) Spectroscopy ; Introduction; Modes of Energy Deposition in the Detector; Efficiency of X-Ray and Gamma-Ray Detectors: Definitions; Detection of Photons with NaI(Tl) Scintillation Counters; Detection of Gammas with Ge Detectors; CdTe and HgI2 Detectors as Gamma Spectrometers; Detection of X-Rays with a Si(Li) Detector Charged-Particle Spectroscopy ; Introduction; Energy Straggling; Electron Spectroscopy; Alpha, Proton, Deuteron, and Triton Spectroscopy; Heavy-Ion (Z > 2) Spectroscopy; The Time-of-Flight Spectrometer; Detector Telescopes (E dE/dx Detectors); Position-Sensitive Detectors Neutron Detection and Spectroscopy; Introduction; Neutron Detection by (n, Charged Particle) Reaction; Fission Chambers; Neutron Detection by Foil Activation; Measurement of a Neutron Energy Spectrum by Proton Recoil; Detection of Fast Neutrons Using Threshold Activation Reactions; Neutron Energy Measurement with a Crystal Spectrometer; The Time-of-Flight Method; Compensated Ion Chambers; Self-Powered Neutron Detectors (SPND); Concluding Remarks Activation Analysis ; Introduction; Selection of the Optimum Nuclear Reaction; Preparation of the Sample for Irradiation; Sources of Radiation; Irradiation of the Sample; Counting of the Sample; Analysis of the Results; Sensitivity of Activation Analysis; Interference Reactions; Advantages and Disadvantages of the Activation Analysis Method; Prompt Gamma Activation Analysis; Neutron Depth Profile; Neutron Radiography Health Physics Fundamentals ; Introduction; Units of Exposure and Absorbed Dose; The Relative Biological Effectiveness—The Dose Equivalent; Dosimetry for Radiation External to the Body; Dosimetry for Radiation Inside the Body; Internal Dose Time Dependence—Biological Half-Life; Biological Effects of Radiation; Radiation Protection Guides and Exposure Limits; Health Physics Instruments; Proper Use of Radiation Applications of Radiation Detection; Introduction; Health Physics within Nuclear Power Plants and Radiological Facilities; Portal Monitors and Passive Detection; Interactive Radiation Detection Systems; Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Radiation Detection; Coincidence and Anti-Coincidence Detection Systems; Nuclear Medicine; Detection of Nuclear Materials/Nonproliferation Issues Appendix A: Useful Constants and Conversion Factors; Appendix B: Atomic Masses and Other Properties of Isotopes; Appendix C: Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Sources Commonly Used; Appendix D: Tables of Photon Attenuation Coefficients; Appendix E: Table of Buildup Factor Constants Index Problems, Bibliography, and References appear at the end of each chapter.
• Edition: 3rd ed
• Publisher Details: Place of publication not identified : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2010
• Extent: 1 online resource (518 pages), (353 illustrations)
• Subjects: 539.77; Radiation -- Measurement; Nuclear counters
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781439894651; 1439894655
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.