A primer on clinical experience in medicine : reasoning, decision making, and communication in health sciences /: reasoning, decision making, and communication in health sciences. (2012)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Milos Jenicek.
• Other Names: Jenicek, Milos, 1935-
• Contents: Ways We See, Learn, and Practice Medicine Today: Paradigms of What We Are Doing; Executive Summary; Not-So-Random Leading Thoughts; Introductory Comments; Art, Science, and Craft of Medicine; Medicine as Art; Medicine as Science; Scientific Theory; Scientific Method; Medicine as Craft; Deterministic vs. Probabilistic Paradigm of Medicine: Uncertainty, Fuzziness, and Chaos; Probability and Clinical Uncertainty; Fuzzy Theory; Chaos Theory in Medicine; Medicine as Philosophy: Philosophy in Medicine and Philosophy of Medicine Philosophy in Medicine; Philosophy of Medicine; Practice and Theory of Medicine: Which One Will You Learn?; Practice of Medicine; Theory of Medicine; Evidence-Based Medicine and Other Evidence-Based Health Sciences; Beyond the Original Concept of Evidence-Based Medicine: Evidence-Based Critical Thinking Medicine and Reflective Uses of Evidence Critical Thinking; Reflective Uses of Evidence; Conclusions: What Exactly Should We Teach and Learn Then?; References How Physicians and Other Health Professionals Really (or Should) Think; Executive Summary; Not-So-Random Leading Thoughts; Introductory Comments; General Medical Thinking and Reasoning; Basic Considerations Related to Clinical Care and Caregivers’ Reasoning Our Thinking and Reasoning: Essential Definitions and Meanings Tools for Argumentation; "Naked" Argument (Enthymeme) or Argument at Its Simplest: A "Two-Element" Reasoning "Classical" Form of Reasoning: Categorical Syllogism or "Three-Element" Reasoning "Modern" Form of Toulmin’s Model of Argument: A "Multiple (six-) Element" Way of Reasoning to Reach Valid Conclusions Reminder Regarding Some Additional and Fundamental Considerations; Challenges of Causal Reasoning within the General Context of Medical Thinking and Reasoning Causal Reasoning in a Quantitative and Qualitative Way; How We Look at Causes: Single or Multiple-Sets, Chains, Webs, Concept Maps; Ways of Searching for Causes; Criteria of Causality; Disease or Event Frequencies and Fractions in Causal Reasoning Beyond Causality: Combining Frequencies, Fractions, Risks, and Proportions Quantifying Our Uncertainties; Fallacies in Medical Reasoning and Scientific Thinking in General; Role of Causal Reasoning in Medical Thinking; Critical Thinking, Communication, and Decision Making and Their Connection to Medical Ethics; Conclusion; References Reasoning in Step-by-Step Clinical Work and Care: Risk, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis; Executive Summary; Not-So-Random Leading Thoughts; Introductory Comments; "You Are at Risk." What Does This Mean and How Can It Be Mutually Understood by Us, Our Patients, and the Community? What Is "Risk" in Health Sciences?; Are Risk Characteristics All the Same? Risk Factors and Risk Markers Why Are Some Risk Factors "Significant" and Others Not?; Where Does Our Knowledge of Risk Factors and Markers Come From? Risk as a Subject of Argumentation; Illustrative Fallacies; How Do We Think about Risk? Our Ways of Reasoning about Risk; "We Have a Problem Here": Properties of Meaningful Diagnosis; Quality and Completeness of the Diagnostic Material; How Is a Diagnosis Made?; How Good Are Our Diagnostic Methods and Techniques? Diagnosis as a Subject of Argumentation; Illustrative Fallacies; How Do We Think and Reason in the Diagnosis Domain?; "That’s What We’ll Do about It": Reasoning and Deciding How to Treat and if the Treatment Works Types and Levels of Medical Therapeutic and Preventive Interventions Which Treatment Works Best? How Is It Measured?; Which Treatment Modality Applies to a Particular Patient? Treatment as a Subject of Argumentation; Illustrative Fallacies; How Do We Reason in the Domain of Treatment and Preventive Intervention?; Reasoning about Prognosis: "You’ll Be Doing Well" … Making Prognosis Meaningful Differences between the Prognosis Domain and the Risk Domain What Do We Need to Know about Prognostic Events and Outcomes? What Do We Expect from Prognostic Studies in Order to Reason More Effectively about the Future of Our Patients? What Treatment Modality Best Applies to a Particular Patient? How Should We Apply What We Know to an Individual Patient? Prognosis as a Subject of Argumentation Illustrative Fallacies How Do We Think in the Domain of Prognosis? Considerations for Further Work and Understanding in the Area of Prognosis; Conclusion; References Clinical and Community Medicine Decision Making; Executive Summary; Not-So-Random Leading Thoughts; Introductory Comments; Decision Theory, Decision Analysis, and Decision Making in General and in Medicine; How Decisions Are Made in Daily Life; Direction Searching Tools through Unstructured Ways of Decision Making Direction Searching Tools through Structured Ways of Decision Making Decision Analysis; Cost–Benefit/Effectiveness/Utility Analysis in Clinical Decision Making Decisions as Conclusions of an Argumentative Process; Direction-Giving Tools in Decision Making; Tactical Tools: Clinical Algorithms; Evidence-Based Clinical Decision Path; Strategic Tools for Making the Right Decisions: Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Protocols; Illustrative Fallacies in the Decision-Making Domain<BR&g
• Publisher Details: Place of publication not identified : CRC Press
• Publication Date: 2012
• Extent: 1 online resource, illustrations
• Subjects: 616; Clinical medicine -- Methodology; Problem solving; Thought and thinking
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781466578791; 1466578793
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.