Spatio-temporal methods in environmental epidemiology. ([2016])

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Gavin Shaddick, University of Bath, UK, James V. Zidek, University of British Columbia, Canada.
• Other Names: Shaddick, Gavin; Zidek, James V
• Contents: Why spatio-temporal epidemiology?; Overview; Health-exposure models; Dependencies over space and time; Examples of spatio-temporal epidemiological analyses; Bayesian hierarchical models; Spatial data; Good spatio-temporal modelling approaches Modelling health risks; Overview; Types of epidemiological study; Measures of risk; Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs); Generalised linear models; Generalised additive models; Generalised estimating equations; Poisson models for count data; Estimating relative risks in relation to exposures; Modelling the cumulative effects of exposure; Logistic models for case-controls studies The importance of uncertainty ; Overview; The wider world of uncertainty; Quantitative uncertainty; Methods for assessing uncertainty; Quantifying uncertainty Embracing uncertainty: the Bayesian approach ; Overview ; Introduction to Bayesian inference; Exchangeability; Using the posterior for inference; Predictions; Transformations of parameters; Prior formulation The Bayesian approach in practice ; Overview; Analytical approximations; Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC); Using samples for inference; WinBUGS; INLA Strategies for modelling ; Overview; Contrasts; Hierarchical models; Generalised linear mixed models; Linking exposure and health models; Model selection and comparison; What about the p-value?; Comparison of models—Bayes factors; Bayesian model averaging Is ‘real’ data always quite so real?; Overview; Missing Values; Measurement error; Preferential sampling Spatial patterns in disease ; Overview; The Markov random field (MRF); The conditional autoregressive (CAR) model; Spatial models for disease mapping From points to fields: modelling environmental hazards over space ; Overview; A brief history of spatial modelling; Exploring spatial data; Modelling spatial data; Spatial trend; Spatial prediction; Stationary and isotropic spatial processes; Variograms; Fitting variogram models; Kriging; Extensions of simple kriging; A hierarchical model for spatially varying exposures; INLA and spatial modelling in a continuous domain; Non-stationary random fields Why time also matters ; Overview; Time series epidemiology; Time series modelling; Modelling the irregular components; The spectral representation theorem and Bochner’s lemma; Forecasting; State space models; A hierarchical model for temporally varying exposures The interplay between space and time in exposure assessment ; Overview; Strategies; Spatio-temporal models; Dynamic linear models for space and time; An empirical Bayes approach; A hierarchical model for spatio-temporal exposure data; Approaches to modelling non-separable processes Roadblocks on the way to causality: exposure pathways, aggregation and other sources of bias; Overview; Causality; Ecological bias; Acknowledging ecological bias; Exposure pathways; Personal exposure models Better exposure measurements through better design ; Overview; Design objectives?; Design paradigms; Geometry-based designs; Probability-based designs; Model-based; An entropy-based approach; Implementation challenges New frontiers; Overview; Non-stationary fields; Physical–statistical modelling; The problem of extreme values Appendix 1: Distribution theory ; Appendix 2: Entropy decomposition References Index Author index A Summary and Exercises appear at the end of each chapter.
• Publisher Details: Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group
• Publication Date: 2016
• Extent: 1 online resource, illustrations, maps
• Subjects: 614.4072; Environmental health -- Research -- Methodology; Epidemiology -- Research -- Methodology; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Environmental health -- Research -- Methodology; Epidemiology -- Research -- Methodology; Spatial analysis (Statistics); Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781482237047; 1482237040
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.