Printable solar cells. (2017)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Edited by Nurdan Demirci Sankir and Mehmet Sankir.
• Editors: Demirci Sankir, Nurdan; Sankir, Mehmet
• Contents: Preface xv Part I Hybrid Materials and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells 1 Organic and Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells 3; Serap Güneş and Niyazi Serdar Sariciftci 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells 5 1.2.1 Introduction to Hybrid Solar Cells 5 1.2.2 Hybrid Solar Cells 5 1.2.2.1 Operational Principles of Bulk Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells 5 1.2.2.2 Bulk Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells 8 1.2.2.3 Bilayer Heterojunction Hybrid Solar Cells 12 1.2.2.4 Inverted-Type Hybrid Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells 15 1.2.2.5 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 16 1.2.2.6 Perovskite Solar Cells 21 1.3 Conclusion 23 References 25 2 Solution Processing and Thin Film Formation of Hybrid Semiconductors for Energy Applications 37; J. Ciro, J.F. Montoya, R. Betancur and F. Jaramillo 2.1 Physical Chemical Principles of Film Formation by Solution Processes: From Suspensions of Nanoparticles and Solutions to Nucleation, Growth, Coarsening and Microstructural Evolution of Films 38 2.2 Solution-Processing Techniques for Thin Film Deposition 40 2.2.1 Spin Coating 42 2.2.2 Doctor Blade 43 2.2.3 Slot-Die Coating 44 2.2.4 Spray Coating 46 2.3 Properties and Characterization of Thin Films: Transport, Active and Electrode Layers in Thin Film Solar Cells 46 2.4 Understanding the Crystallization Processes in Hybrid Semiconductor Films: Hybrid Perovskite as a Model 50 2.4.1 Thermal Transitions Revealed by DSC 50 2.4.2 Heat Transfer Processes in a Meso-Superstructured Perovskite Solar Cell 53 2.4.3 Effect of the Annealing Process on Morphology and Crystalline Properties of Perovskite Films 55 2.4.4 Role of Precursor Composition in the Crystallinity of Perovskite Films: Understanding the Role of Additives and Moisture in the Final Properties of Perovskite Layers 56 References 57 3 Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Quantum Dots 65; Wenjin Yue 3.1 Introduction 65 3.2 Polymer/QD Solar Cells 67 3.2.1 Working Principle 67 3.2.2 Device Parameters 68 3.2.2.1 Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc) 68 3.2.2.2 Short-Circuit Current (Jsc) 68 3.2.2.3 Fill Factor (FF) 69 3.2.3 Device Structure 70 3.2.4 Progress of Polymer/QD Solar Cells 71 3.2.4.1 Device Based on Cd Compound 71 3.2.4.2 Device Based on Pb Compound 74 3.2.4.3 Device Based on CuInS2 76 3.2.5 Strategy for Improved Device Performance 78 3.2.5.1 QDs Surface Treatment 78 3.2.5.2 In-Situ Synthesis of QDs 81 3.2.5.3 Polymer End-Group Functionalization 82 3.3 Outlooks and Conclusions 83 Acknowledgment 83 4 Hole Transporting Layers in Printable Solar Cells 93; David Curiel and Miriam Más-Montoya 4.1 Introduction 94 4.2 Hole Transporting Layers in Organic Solar Cells 97 4.2.1 Utility of Hole Transporting Layers 97 4.2.1.1 Energy Level Alignment at the Interfaces and Effect on the Open-Circuit Voltage 98 4.1.1.2 Definition of Device Polarity, Charge Transport and Use as Blocking Layer 102 4.1.1.3 Optical Spacer 103 4.1.1.4 Modulation of the Active Layer Morphology and Use as Protective Layer 103 4.1.2 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers 104 4.1.2.1 Polymers 104 4.1.2.2 Small Molecules 109 4.1.2.3 Metals 112 4.1.2.4 Metal Oxides 112 4.1.2.5 Metal Salts 116 4.1.2.6 Carbon Nanotubes 116 4.1.2.7 Graphene-Based Materials 116 4.1.2.8 Self-Assembled Monolayers 119 4.2 Hole Transporting Layers in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells 121 4.2.1 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers 123 4.2.1.1 Small Molecules 123 4.2.1.2 Polymers 126 4.3 Hole Transporting Layers in Perovskite Solar Cells 127 4.3.1 Overview of Materials Used as Hole Transporting Layers 128 4.3.1.1 Small Molecules 128 4.3.1.2 Polymers 137 4.3.1.3 Metal Oxides 139 4.3.1.4 Metal Salts 140 4.3.1.5 Carbon Nanotubes 141 4.3.1.6 Graphene-Based Materials 142 4.4 Concluding Remarks 143 5 Printable Solar Cells 163; Alexander Kovalenko and Michal Hrabal 5.1 Introduction 164 5.2 Printable Solar Cells Working Principles 165 5.2.1 CIGS Solar Cells 165 5.2.2 Perovskite Solar Cells 167 5.2.3 Organic Solar Cells 170 5.2.4 Printable Charge-Carrier Selective Layers 172 5.3 Solution-Based Deposition of Thin Film Layers 173 5.3.1 Coating Techniques 174 5.3.1.1 Casting 174 5.3.1.2 Spin Coating 174 5.3.1.3 Blade Coating 176 5.3.1.4 Slot-Die Coating 177 5.3.2 Printing Techniques 179 5.3.2.1 Screen Printing 180 5.3.2.2 Gravure Printing 182 5.3.2.3 Flexographic Printing 184 5.3.2.4 Inkjet Printing 185 5.4 Characterization Techniques 189 5.4.1 Characterization of Thin Layers 189 5.4.2 Electrical Characterization of Solar Cells 190 5.5 Conclusion 194 References 197 Part II Organic Materials and Process Technologies for Printable Solar Cells 6 Spray-Coated Organic Solar Cells 205; Yifan Zheng and Junsheng Yu 6.1 Introduction 205 6.2 Introduction of Spray-Coating Method 206 6.2.1 History of Spray Coating 206 6.2.2 Spray-Coating Equipment 206 6.2.2.1 Airbrush Spray Deposition 206 6.2.2.2 Ultrasonic Spray Deposition 209 6.2.2.3 Electrospray Deposition 210 6.2.3 Spray-Coating Treatment 212 6.2.3.1 Thermal Annealing 213 6.2.3.2 Solvent Treatments 214 6.3 Materials for Spray Coating 216 6.3.1 Organic Materials 216 6.3.2 Metal Oxide and Nanoparticles 220 6.3.3 Perovskite 222 6.4 Application of Spray Coating 224 6.5 Conclusions 226 Acknowledgment 226 References 226 7 Interface Engineering: A Key Aspect for the Potential Commercialization of Printable Organic Photovoltaic Cells 235; Varun Vohra, Nur Tahirah Razali and Hideyuki Murata 7.1 Introduction 236 7.2 SD-PSCs Based on P3HT:PCBM Active Layers 240 7.2.1 Increase in Donor-Acceptor Interface through Nanostructuration of SD-PSCs 240 7.2.2 Generation of Vertical Concentration Gradient by Addition of Regiorandom P3HT in SD-PSCs 242 7.2.3 Generation of Vertical Concentration Gradient and Molecular Orientation by Rubbing P3HT in SD-PSCs 246 7.3 High Performance BHJ-PSCs with Favorable Molecular Orientation Resulting from Active Layer/Substrate Interactions 248 7.4 Strongly Bond Metal Leaves as Laminated Top Electrodes for Low-Cost PSC Fabrication 252 7.5 Conclusions 257 References 258 8 Structural, Optical, Electrical and Electronic Properties of PEDOT: PSS Thin Films and Their Application in Solar Cells 263; Sheng Hsiung Chang, Cheng-Chiang Chen, Hsin-Ming Cheng and Sheng-Hui Chen 8.1 Introduction 264 8.2 Chemical Structure of PEDOT:PSS 265 8.3 Optical and Electrical Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS 267 8.4 Electronic Characteristics of PEDOT:PSS 270 8.5 Highly Conductive PEDOT:PSS Thin Films 271 8.6 Hole-Transporting Materials: PEDOT:PSS Thin Films 273 8.6.1 Effect of PEDOT/PSS Ratio 274 8.6.2 Effect of Spin Rate 275 8.6.3 Effect of Thermal Annealing Temperature 277 8.6.4 Effects of Viscosity of PEDOT:PSS Solutions 278 8.7 Directions for Future Development 281 8.8 Conclusion 282 Reference 283 Part II
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken : Wiley-Scrivener
• Publication Date: 2017
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 621.31244; Solar cells; Solar cells -- Design and construction; Photovoltaic power generation; Perovskite
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119283744; 9781119283737
• Related ISBNs: 9781119283713
• Notes: Note: Description based on CIP data; item not viewed.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.