Cellulose science and technology : chemistry, analysis, and applications /: chemistry, analysis, and applications. (2017)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Thomas Rosenau, Antje Potthast.
• Authors: Rosenau, Thomas; Potthast, Antje
• Contents: Author Biography xv List of Contributors xvii Preface xxiii Acknowledgements xxv 1 Aminocelluloses – Polymers with Fascinating Properties and Application Potential 1; Thomas Heinze, Thomas Elschner, and Kristin Ganske 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Amino-/ammonium Group Containing Cellulose Esters 2 1.2.1 (3-Carboxypropyl)trimethylammonium Chloride Esters of Cellulose 2 1.2.2 Cellulose-4-(N-methylamino)butyrate (CMABC) 7 1.3 6-Deoxy-6-amino Cellulose Derivatives 9 1.3.1 Spontaneous Self-assembling of 6-Deoxy-6-amino Cellulose Derivatives 10 1.3.2 Application Potential of 6-Deoxy-6-amino Cellulose Derivatives 13 1.4 Amino Cellulose Carbamates 21 1.4.1 Synthesis 21 1.4.2 Properties 22 Acknowledgment 24 References 24 2 Preparation of Photosensitizer-bound Cellulose Derivatives for Photocurrent Generation System 29; Toshiyuki Takano 2.1 Introduction 29 2.2 Porphyrin-bound Cellulose Derivatives 31 2.3 Phthalocyanine-bound Cellulose Derivatives 34 2.4 Squaraine-bound Cellulose Derivative 40 2.5 Ruthenium(II) Complex-bound Cellulose Derivative 42 2.6 Fullerene-bound Cellulose Derivative 44 2.7 Porphyrin-bound Chitosan Derivative 45 2.8 Conclusion 47 References 47 3 Synthesis of Cellulosic Bottlebrushes with Regioselectively Substituted Side Chains and Their Self-assembly 49; Keita Sakakibara, Yuji Kinose, and Yoshinobu Tsujii 3.1 Introduction 49 3.2 Strategy for Accomplishing Regioselective Grafting of Cellulose 52 3.3 Regioselective Introduction of the First Polymer Side Chain 55 3.3.1 Introduction of Poly(styrene) at O -2, 3 Position of 6-O -p -Methoxytritylcellulose (1) 55 3.3.2 Introduction of Poly(ethylene oxide) at O -2, 3 Position of 6-O -p -Methoxytritylcellulose (1) 57 3.4 Regioselective Introduction of the Second Polymer Side Chain 58 3.4.1 Introduction of Poly(styrene) at O-6 Position of 2, 3-di-O-PEO Cellulose (5) via Grafting-from Approach 58 3.4.2 Introduction of Poly(styrene) at O -6 Position of 2, 3-di-O -PEO Cellulose (5) via Grafting to Approach Combining Click Reaction 58 3.5 SEC-MALLS Study 61 3.6 Summary and Outlook 64 Acknowledgments 64 References 64 4 Recent Progress on Oxygen Delignification of Softwood Kraft Pulp 67<br /> Adriaan R. P. van Heiningen, Yun Ji, and Vahid Jafari 4.1 Introduction and State-of-the-Art of Commercial Oxygen Delignification 67 4.2 Chemistry of Delignification and Cellulose Degradation 70 4.3 Improving the Reactivity of Residual Lignin 73 4.4 Improving Delignification/Cellulose Degradation Selectivity During Oxygen Delignification 79 4.5 Improving Pulp Yield by Using Oxygen Delignification 90 4.6 Practical Implementation of High Kappa Oxygen Delignification 92 References 93 5 Toward a Better Understanding of Cellulose Swelling, Dissolution, and Regeneration on theMolecular Level 99; Thomas Rosenau, Antje Potthast, Andreas Hofinger, Markus Bacher, Yuko Yoneda, KurtMereiter, Fumiaki Nakatsubo, Christian Jäger, Alfred D. French, and Kanji Kajiwara 5.1 Introduction 99 5.2 Cellulose Swelling, Dissolution and Regeneration at the Molecular Level 102 5.2.1 The “Viewpoint of Cellulose” 109 5.2.2 The “Viewpoint of Cellulose Solvents” 113 5.3 Conclusion 118 References 120 6 Interaction ofWaterMolecules with Carboxyalkyl Cellulose 127; HitomiMiyamoto, Keita Sakakibara, IsaoWataoka, Yoshinobu Tsujii, Chihiro Yamane, and Kanji Kajiwara 6.1 Introduction 127 6.2 Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) and Carboxyethyl Cellulose (CEC) 128 6.3 Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) 131 6.4 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) 133 6.5 Molecular Dynamics 136 6.6 Chemical Modification and Biodegradability 138 Acknowledgments 140 References 140 7 Analysis of the Substituent Distribution in Cellulose Ethers – Recent Contributions 143; PetraMischnick 7.1 Introduction 143 7.2 Methyl Cellulose 146 7.2.1 Average DS and Methyl Pattern in the Glucosyl Unit 146 7.2.2 Distribution Along and Over the Chain 149 7.2.3 Summary 153 7.3 Hydroxyalkylmethyl Celluloses 153 7.3.1 Hydroxyethylmethyl Celluloses 159 7.3.2 Hydroxypropylmethyl Celluloses 160 7.3.3 Summary 165 7.4 Carboxymethyl Cellulose 166 7.5 Outlook 166 Acknowledgment 167 References 167 8 AdhesiveMixtures as Sacrificial Substrates in Paper Aging 175; Irina Sulaeva, Ute Henniges, Thomas Rosenau, and Antje Potthast 8.1 Introduction 175 8.2 Materials and Methods 177 8.2.1 Chemicals 177 8.2.2 Preparation of Adhesive Mixtures and Films from Individual Components 177 8.2.3 Preparation of Coated Paper Samples 177 8.2.4 Accelerated Heat-Induced Aging 179 8.2.5 GPC Analysis 179 8.2.6 Contact Angle Measurements 180 8.2.7 Analysis of Paper Brightness 180 8.3 Results and Discussion 180 8.3.1 GPC Analysis of Adhesive Mixtures and Individual Components 180 8.3.2 Molar Mass Analysis of Paper Samples 182 8.3.3 Contact Angle Analysis 184 8.3.4 UV–Vis Measurements of Paper Brightness 185 8.4 Conclusion 186 Acknowledgments 187 References 187 9 Solution-state NMR Analysis of Lignocellulosics in Nonderivatizing Solvents 191; Ashley J. Holding, AlistairW. T. King, and Ilkka Kilpeläinen 9.1 Introduction 191 9.2 Solution-state 2D NMR of Lignocellulose andWhole Biomass 195 9.3 Solution State 1D and 2D NMR Spectroscopy of Cellulose and Pulp 203 9.4 Solution-state NMR Spectroscopy of Modified Nanocrystalline Cellulose 211 9.5 Solution State 31P NMR Spectroscopy and Quantification of Hydroxyl Groups 212 9.6 Conclusions and Future Prospects 218 References 219 10 Surface Chemistry and Characterization of Cellulose Nanocrystals 223; Samuel Eyley, Christina Schütz, andWimThielemans 10.1 Introduction 223 10.2 Cellulose Nanocrystals 225 10.3 Morphological and Structural Characterization 228 10.3.1 Microscopy 228 10.3.2 Small Angle Scattering 230 10.3.3 Powder X-ray Diffraction 230 10.3.4 Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy 234 10.4 Chemical Characterization 237 10.4.1 Infrared Spectroscopy 237 10.4.2 Elemental Analysis 238 10.4.3 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy 240 10.4.4 Other Methods 243 10.5 Conclusion 245 Acknowledgments 246 References 246 11 Some Comments on Chiral Structures fromCellulose 253; Derek G. Gray 11.1 Chirality and Cellulose Nanocrystals 253 11.2 Can CNC Form Nematic or Smectic-ordered Materials? 255 11.3 Why Do Some CNC Films Not Display Iridescent Colors? 256 11.4 IsThere Any Pattern to the Observed Expressions Of Chirality At Length Scales from the Molecular to the Macroscopic? 257 Acknowledgments 259 References 259 12 Supramolecular Aspects of Native Cellulose: Fringed-fibrillar Model, Leveling-off Degree of Polymerization and Production of Cellulose Nanocrystals 263; Eero Kontturi 12.1 Introduction 263 12.2 Fringed-fibrillarModel: Crystallographic, Spectroscopic, and Microscopic Evidence 264 12.3 Leveling-off Degree of Polymerization (LODP) 267 12.4 Preparation of Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) 270&
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Publication Date: 2017
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 572.56682; Cellulose; Cellulose -- Chemistry
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119217633
• Related ISBNs: 9781119217626
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