Statistical testing strategies in the health sciences. (2016)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Albert Vexler, Alan D. Hutson, Xiwei Chen.
• Authors: Vexler, Albert; Hutson, Alan D; Chen, Xiwei
• Contents: Preliminaries: Welcome to the Statistical Inference Club: Some Basic Concepts in Experimental Decision Making ; Overview: Essential Elements of Defining Statistical Hypotheses and Constructing Statistical Tests; Errors Related to the Statistical Testing Mechanism; p-Values; Components for Constructing Test Procedures; Parametric Approach and Modeling; Warning and Advice: Limitations of Parametric Approaches: Detour to Nonparametric Approaches; Large Sample Approximate Tests; Confidence Intervals; When All Else Fails: Bootstrap?; Permutation Testing versus Bootstrap Methodology; Remarks; Atlas of the Book Statistical Software: R and SAS ; Introduction; R Software; SAS Software; Supplement Statistical Graphics ; Introduction; Descriptive Plots of Raw Data; Empirical Distribution Function Plot; Two-Sample Comparisons; Probability Plots as Informal Auxiliary Information to Inference; Heat Maps; Concluding Remarks; Supplement A Brief Ode to Parametric Likelihood ; Introduction; Likelihood Ratio Test and Its Optimality; Likelihood Ratio Based on the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic Is the Likelihood Ratio Test Statistic; Maximum Likelihood: Is It the Likelihood?; Supplement; Appendix Tests on Means of Continuous Data ; Introduction; Univariate and p -Dimensional Likelihood Ratio Tests of Location Given Normally Distributed Data; t -Type Tests; Exact Likelihood Ratio Test for Equality of Two Normal Populations; Supplement Empirical Likelihood ; Introduction; Classical Empirical Likelihood Methods; Techniques for Analyzing Empirical Likelihoods; Density-Based Empirical Likelihood Methods; Combining Likelihoods to Construct Composite Tests and Incorporate the Maximum Data-Driven Information; Bayesians and Empirical Likelihood: Are They Mutually Exclusive?; Three Key Arguments That Support the Empirical Likelihood Methodology as a Practical Statistical Analysis Tool; Supplement; Appendix Bayes Factor–Based Test Statistics ; Introduction; Representative Values; Integrated Most Powerful Tests; Bayes Factor; Remarks; Supplement; Appendix The Fundamentals of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Analyses ; Introduction; ROC Curve Inference; Area under the ROC Curve; ROC Analysis and Logistic Regression: Comparison and Overestimation; Best Combinations Based on Values of Multiple Biomarkers; Notes Regarding Treatment Effects; Supplement; Appendix Nonparametric Comparisons of Distributions ; Introduction; Wilcoxon Rank-Sum Test; Kolmogorov–Smirnov Two-Sample Test; Density-Based Empirical Likelihood Ratio Tests; Density-Based Empirical Likelihood Ratio Based on Paired Data; Multiple-Group Comparison; Supplement; Appendix Dependence and Independence: Structures, Testing, and Measuring ; Introduction; Tests of Independence; Indices of Dependence; Structures of Dependence; Monte Carlo Comparisons of Tests of Independence; Data Examples; Discussion; Supplement Goodness-of-Fit Tests (Tests for Normality) ; Introduction; Shapiro–Wilk Test for Normality; Supplement Statistical Change-Point Analysis ; Introduction; Common Change-Point Models; Simple Change-Point Model; Epidemic Problems; Problems in Regression Models; Supplement; Appendix A Brief Review of Sequential Testing Methods ; Introduction; Two-Stage Designs; Sequential Probability Ratio Test; Group-Sequential Tests; Adaptive Sequential Designs; Futility Analysis; Postsequential Analysis; Supplement; Appendix: Determination of Sample Sizes Based on the Errors' Control of SPRT A Brief Review of Multiple Testing Problems in Clinical Experiments ; Introduction; Definitions of Error Rates; Power Evaluation; Remarks; Supplement Some Statistical Procedures for Biomarker Measurements Subject to Instrumental Limitations; Introduction; Methods; Monte Carlo Experiments; Concluding Remarks; Supplement Calculating Critical Values and p-Values for Exact Tests ; Introduction; Methods of Calculating Critical Values of Exact Tests; Available Software Packages; Supplement; Appendix Bootstrap and Permutation Methods ; Introduction; Resampling Data with Replacement in SAS; Theoretical Quantities of Interest; Bootstrap Confidence Intervals; Simple Two-Group Comparisons; Simple Regression Modeling; Relationship between Empirical Likelihood and Bootstrap Methodologies; Permutation Tests; Supplement; Appendix: Bootstrap-t Example Macro References Author Index Subject Index
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Boca Raton : Chapman & Hall/CRC
• Publication Date: 2016
• Extent: 1 online resource, illustrations (black and white)
• Subjects: 610.727; Medical sciences -- Statistical methods
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781498730846
• Notes: Note: Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.
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