Straightforward statistics. (2015)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Chieh-Chen Bowen, Cleveland State University.
• Other Names: Bowen, Chieh-Chen
• Contents: Preface; Acknowledgments; About the Author; Chapter 1: Introduction to Statistics; What Is Statistics?; Population Versus Sample; Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics; Sampling a Population; Random Sampling Methods; Simple Random Sampling; Systematic Sampling; Stratified Sampling; Cluster Sampling; Scales of Measurement; Nominal Scale; Ordinal Scale; Interval Scale; Ratio Scale; Variable Classifications; Discrete Versus Continuous Variables; Independent Variables Versus Dependent Variables; Required Mathematical Skills for This Course; Statistical Notation; Exercise Problems; Solutions With EXCEL Step-by-Step Instructions When Needed; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 2: Summarizing and Organizing Data; What You Know and What Is New; Frequency Distribution Table; Organizing and Summarizing Categorical Variables; Organizing and Summarizing Numerical Variables; Graphs; Bar Graphs and Histograms; Pie Charts; Common Distribution Shapes; Uniform Distribution; Normal Distribution; Skewed Distribution; EXCEL Step-by-Step Instruction for Calculating ?X from Frequency Table and Constructing a Bar Graph; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 3: Descriptive Statistics; What You Know and What Is New; Measures of Central Tendency; Mode; Median; Mean; Measures of Variability; Range; Variance and Standard Deviation for a Population; Variance and Standard Deviation for a Sample; Boxplot: 5-Number Summary; Exercise Problems; Solutions With EXCEL Step-by-Step Instructions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 4: Standard Z Scores; What You Know and What Is New; Standard Z Scores; Z Scores for a Population; Z Scores for a Sample; Empirical Rule for Variables With a Normal Distribution; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 5: Basic Principles of Probability; What You Know and What Is New; Basic Terms and Mathematical Operations in Probability; Basic Terms in Probability; Mathematical Operations for Probabilities; Binomial Probability Distribution; Practical Probability Application: Winning the Mega-Million Lottery; The Dice Game; Linkage Between Probability and Z Score in Normal Distribution; Probabilities, Z Scores, and Raw Scores; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 6: The Central Limit Theorem; What You Know and What Is New; Sampling Error; Sampling Distribution of the Sample Means and the Central Limit Theorem; The Law of Large Numbers; Relationships Between Sample Means and the Population Mean; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 7: Hypothesis Testing; What You Know and What Is New; Type I Error and Type II Error; The Four-Step Process to Conduct a Hypothesis Test; Step 1: Explicitly State the Pair of Hypotheses; Step 2: Identify the Rejection Zone for the Hypothesis Test; Step 3: Calculate the Test Statistic; Step 4: Make the Correct Conclusion; Examples of the Four-Step Hypothesis Test in Action; Directional Versus Non-Directional Hypothesis Testing; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 8: One-Sample t Test When Sigma Is Unknown; What You Know and What Is New; The Unknown Sigma and Conducting the One-Sample t Test; The t-Distribution, a Specific Curve for Every Degree of Freedom; Confidence Intervals; Point Estimate; Interval Estimate; Exercise Problems; Solutions With EXCEL Step-by-Step Instructions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 9: Independent Samples t Tests; What You Know and What Is New; Introducing Independent Samples and the Decision Rule on Equal Variances; Decision Rule for Equal Variances Assumed Versus Equal Variances Not Assumed; Equal Variances Assumed; Equal Variances Not Assumed; Using SPSS to Run Independent-Samples t Tests; Confidence Intervals of the Mean Difference; Effect Sizes; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 10: Dependent-Sample t Test; What You Know and What Is New; Introducing Dependent-Sample t Tests; Calculations and the Hypothesis-Testing Process in Dependent-Sample t Tests; Mean, Standard Deviation, and Standard Error of the Differences; Hypothesis Testing for Dependent-Sample t Tests; Confidence Interval of the Differences; Effect Size for the Dependent-Sample t Test; Using SPSS to Run Dependent-Sample t Tests; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 11: Correlation; What You Know and What Is New; Pearson’s Correlation; Pearson’s Correlation Formulas; Describing and Interpreting Pearson’s r; Showing the Pearson’s Correlation in Action; Hypothesis Testing for the Pearson’s Correlation; Interpretations and Assumptions of Pearson’s Correlation; Interpretations of Pearson’s Correlation; Assumptions of Pearson’s Correlation; Special Types of Correlation; Spearman’s Rank Correlation; Partial Correlation Formula; Point Biserial Correlation; EXCEL Step-by-Step Instruction for Constructing a Scatterplot; EXCEL Step-by-Step Instruction on Calculating Pearson’s r; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 12: Simple Regression; What You Know and What Is New; Y-Intercept and Slope; Hypothesis Testing With Simple Regression; Standard Error of the Estimate; The Mathematical Relationship Between Pearson’s r and the Regression Slope, b; Assumptions for Simple Regression; Step-by-Step Instructions on SPSS; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 13: One-Way Analysis of Variance; What You Know and What Is New; Introducing ANOVA; Between-Group Variance and Within-Group Variance; Sum of Squares Between; Sum of Squares Within; Degrees of Freedom for Between Groups (dfB) and Within Groups (dfW); Hypothesis Testing With ANOVA; Post Hoc Comparisons; Statistical Assumptions of an ANOVA; Effect Size for One-Way ANOVA; Step-by-Step Instructions for Using SPSS to Run an ANOVA; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Chapter 14: Chi-Square Tests for Goodness-of-Fit and Independence; What You Know and What Is New<br /> The Chi-Square; Expected Frequency; Expected Frequency Under a One-Way Frequency Table; Expected Frequency Under a Two-Way Contingency Table; Goodness-of-Fit Tests; Hypothesis Testing With the Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test; Chi-Square for Independence; Hypothesis Testing With the Chi-Square Test for Independence; Exercise Problems; Solutions; Chapter Resources; What You Learned; Key Words; Learning Assessment; Appendix A. The Standard Normal Di
• Publisher Details: Thousand Oaks : SAGE Publications, Inc
• Publication Date: 2015
• Extent: 1 online resource (608 pages)
• Subjects: 519.5; Social sciences -- Statistical methods
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781483358925; 1483358925
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.