Statistics for the Health Sciences : A Non-Mathematical Introduction /: A Non-Mathematical Introduction. (2012)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Christine Dancey, John Reidy, Richard Rowe.
• Authors: Dancey, Christine P; Reidy, John; (Senior Lecturer in Psychology), Rowe, Richard
• Contents: PART ONE: AN INTRODUCTION TO THE RESEARCH PROCESS; Overview; The Research Process; Concepts and Variables; Levels of Measurement; Hypothesis Testing; Evidence-Based Practice; Research Designs; Multiple-Choice Questions; PART TWO: COMPUTER-ASSISTED ANALYSIS; Overview; Overview of the Three Statistical Packages; Introduction to SPSS; Setting out Your Variables for within - and between-Group Designs; Introduction to R; Introduction to SAS; Summary; Exercises; PART THREE: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS; Overview; Anaylsing Data; Descriptive Statistics; Numerical Descriptive Statistics; Choosing a Measure of Central Tendency; Measures of Variation or Dispersion; Deviations from the Mean; Numerical Descriptives in SPSS; Graphical Statistics; Bar Charts; Line Graphs; Incorporating Variability into Graphs; Generating Graphs with Standard Deviations in SPSS; Graphs Showing Dispersion - Frequency Histogram; Box-Plots; Summary; SPSS Exercise; Multiple Choice Questions; PART FOUR: THE BASIS OF STATISTICAL TESTING; Overview; Introduction; Samples and Populations; Distributions; Statistical Significance; Criticisms of NHST; Generating Confidence Intervals in SPSS; Summary; SPSS Exercise; Multiple Choice Questions; PART FIVE: EPIDEMIOLOGY; Overview; Introduction; Estimating the Prevalence of Disease; Difficulties in Estimating Prevalence; Beyond Prevalence: Identifying Risk Factors for Disease; Risk Ratios; The Odds-Ratio; Establishing Causality; Case-Control Studies; Cohort Studies; Experimental Designs; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART SIX: INTRODUCTION TO DATA SCREENING AND CLEANING; Overview; Introduction; Minimising Problems at the Design Stage; Entering Data into Databases/Statistical Packages; The Dirty Dataset; Accuracy; Using Descriptive Statistics to Help Identify Errors; Missing Data; Spotting Missing Data; Normality; Screening Groups Separately; Reporting Data Screning and Cleaning Procedures; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART SEVEN: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN TWO GROUPS; Overview; Introduction; Conceptual Description of the t-Tests; Generalising to the Population; Independent Groups t-Test in SPSS; Cohen's d; Paired t-Test in SPSS; Two-Sample z-Test; Non-Parametric Tests; Mann-Whitney: for Independent Groups; Mann-Whitney Test in SPSS; Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test: For Repeated Measures; Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test in SPSS; Adjusting for Multiple Tests; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART EIGHT: DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THREE OR MORE CONDITIONS; Overview; Introduction; Conceptual Description of the (Parametric) ANOVA; One-Way ANOVA; One-way ANOVA in SPSS; ANOVA Models for Repeated-Measures Designs; Repeated Measures ANOVA in SPSS; Non-parametric Equivalents; The Kruskal-Wallis Test; Kruskal-Wallis and the Median Test in SPSS; The Median Test; Friedman's ANOVA for Repeated Measures; Friedman's ANOVA in SPSS; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART NINE: TESTING ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CATEGORICAL VARIABLES; Overview; Introduction; Rationale of Contingency Table Analysis; Running the Analysis in SPSS; Measuring Effect Size in Contingency Table Analysis; Larger Contingency Tables; Contingency Table Analysis Assumptions; The X 2 Goodness of Fit Test; Running the X 2 Goodness of Fit Test Using SPSS; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART TEN: MEASURING AGREEMENT: CORRELATIONAL TECHNIQUES; Overview; Introduction; Bivariate Relationships; Perfect Correlations; Calculating the Correlation Pearson's R Using SPSS; How to obtain Scatterplots; Variance Explanation of R; Obtaining Correlational Analysis in SPSS: Exercise; Partial Correlations; Shared and Unique Variance: Conceptual Understanding Relating to Partial Corrections; Spearman's Rho; Other uses for Correlational Techniques; Reliability of Measures; Internal Consistency; Inter Rater Reliability; Validity; Percentage Agreement; Cohen's Kappa; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART 11: LINEAR REGRESSION; Overview; Introduction; Linear Regression in SPSS; Obtaining teh Scatterplot with Regression Line and Confidence Intervals in SPSS; Assumptions Underlying Linear Regression; Dealing with Outliers; What happens if the Correlation Between X and Y is Near Zero?; Using Regression to Predict Missing Data in SPSS; Prediction of Missing Scores on Cognitive Failures in SPSS; Summary; Multiple-Choice Questions<br />PART TWELVE: STANDARD MULTIPLE REGRESSION; Overview; Introduction; Multiple Regression in SPSS; Variables in the Equation; The Regression Equation; Predicting an Individual's Score; Hypothesis Testing; Other Types of Multiple Regression; Hierarchical Multiple Regression; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; PART THIRTEEN: LOGISTIC REGRESSION; Overview; Introduction; The Conceptual Basis of Logistic Regression; Writing up the Result; Logistic Regression with Multiple Predictor Variables; Logistic Regression with Categorical Predictors; Categorical Predictors with Three or More Levels; Summary; Multiple Choice Questions; Interventions and Analysis of Change; Overview; Interventions; How do we Know Whether Interventions are Effective?; Randomised Control Trials (RCTs); Designing an RCT: CONSORT; The CONSORT Flow Chart; Important Features of an RCT; Blinding<br />Analysis of RCTs; Running an ANCOVA in SPSS; McNemar's Test of Change; Running McNemar's Test in SPSS; The Sign Test; Running the Sign Test using SPSS; Intention to Treat Analysis; Crossover Designs; Single Case Designs (N= 1); Generating Single Case Design Graphs Using SPSS; Summary; SPSS Exercise; Multiple Choice Questions; PART FIFTEEN: SURVIVAL ANALYSIS: AN INTRODUCTION; Overview; Introduction; Survival Curves; The Kaplan-Meier Survival Function; Kaplan-Meier Survival Analyses in SPSS; Comparing Two Survival Curves - the Mantel-Cox test; Mantel-Cox using SPSS; Hazard; Hazard Curves; Hazard Functions in SPSS; Writing up a Survival Analysis; Summary; SPSS Exercise; Multiple Choice Questions;
• Publisher Details: Los Angeles : SAGE
• Publication Date: 2012
• Extent: 1 online resource (xvi, 563 pages), illustrations
• Subjects: 610.727; Medical statistics; Social sciences -- Statistical methods -- Computer programs
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781446258736; 1446258734
• Related ISBNs: 9781849203357; 1849203350; 9781849203364; 1849203369
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.