Lysosomes : roles in disease and drug development /: roles in disease and drug development. (2015)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Frederick Maxfield, James Willard, Shuyan Lu.
• Authors: Maxfield, Frederick R; Willard, James; Lu, Shuyan
• Contents: PREFACE xiii LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS xvii 1 Lysosomes: An Introduction 1 ; Frederick R. Maxfield 1.1 Historical Background, 2 References, 4 2 Lysosome Biogenesis and Autophagy 7 ; Fulvio Reggiori and Judith Klumperman 2.1 Introduction, 7 2.2 Pathways to the Lysosomes, 10 2.2.1 Biosynthetic Transport Routes to the Lysosome, 10 2.2.2 Endocytic Pathways to the Lysosome, 10 2.2.3 Autophagy Pathways to the Lysosome, 12 2.2.4 The ATG Proteins: The Key Regulators of Autophagy, 14 2.3 Fusion and Fission between the Endolysosomal and Autophagy Pathways, 16 2.3.1 Recycling Endosomes and Autophagosome Biogenesis, 16 2.3.2 Autophagosome Fusion with Late Endosomes and Lysosomes, 17 2.3.3 Autophagic Lysosomal Reformation, 18 2.4 Diseases, 19 2.4.1 Lysosome-Related Disorders (LSDs), 19 2.4.2 Lysosomes in Neurodegeneration and Its Links to Autophagy, 20 2.4.3 Autophagy-Related Diseases, 20 2.5 Concluding Remarks, 22 Acknowledgments, 23 References, 23 3 Multivesicular Bodies: Roles in Intracellular and Intercellular Signaling 33 ; Emily R. Eden, Thomas Burgoyne, and Clare E. Futter 3.1 Introduction, 33 3.2 Downregulation of Signaling by Sorting onto ILVs, 35 3.3 Upregulation of Signaling by Sorting onto ILVs, 38 3.4 Intercellular Signaling Dependent on Sorting onto ILVs, 39 3.5 Conclusion, 44 References, 45 4 Lysosomes and Mitophagy 51 ; Dominik Haddad and Patrik Verstreken 4.1 Summary, 51 4.2 Mitochondrial Significance, 51 4.3 History of Mitophagy, 52 4.4 Mechanisms of Mitophagy, 53 4.4.1 Mitophagy in Yeast, 54 4.4.2 Mitophagy in Mammals, 55 4.5 Conclusion, 57 Acknowledgments, 57 References, 58 5 Lysosome Exocytosis and Membrane Repair 63 ; Rajesh K. Singh and Abigail S. Haka 5.1 Introduction, 63 5.2 Functions of Lysosome Exocytosis, 63 5.2.1 Specialized Lysosome-Related Organelles, 64 5.2.2 Lysosome Exocytosis for Membrane Repair, 65 5.2.3 Lysosome Exocytosis as a Source of Membrane, 66 5.2.4 Lysosome Exocytosis for Extracellular Degradation, 66 5.2.5 Lysosome Exocytosis and Delivery of Proteins to the Cell Surface, 68 5.3 Mechanisms of Lysosome Exocytosis, 68 5.3.1 Maturation of Lysosomes and Lysosome-Related Organelles, 69 5.3.2 Transport of Lysosomes to the Plasma Membrane, 70 5.3.3 Tethering of Lysosomes to the Plasma Membrane, 72 5.3.4 Lysosome Fusion with the Plasma Membrane, 75 5.3.5 Calcium-Dependent Exocytosis, 76 5.4 Conclusion, 76 Acknowledgments, 77 References, 77 6 Role of Lysosomes in Lipid Metabolism 87 ; Frederick R. Maxfield 6.1 Introduction, 87 6.2 Endocytic Uptake of Lipoproteins, 88 6.3 Lipid Metabolism in Late Endosomes and Lysosomes, 91 6.4 Autophagy and Lysosomal Lipid Turnover, 94 6.5 Lysosomal Lipid Hydrolysis and Metabolic Regulation, 95 6.6 Summary, 96 References, 96 7 TFEB, Master Regulator of Cellular Clearance 101 ; Graciana Diez-Roux and Andrea Ballabio 7.1 Lysosome, 101 7.2 The Transcriptional Regulation of Lysosomal Function, 102 7.3 TFEB Subcellular Regulation is Regulated by Its Phosphorylation, 104 7.4 A Lysosome-to-Nucleus Signaling Mechanism, 105 7.5 TFEB and Cellular Clearance in Human Disease, 106 7.5.1 Lysosomal Storage Disorders, 107 7.5.2 Neurodegenerative Disorders, 109 7.5.3 Metabolic Syndrome, 110 7.5.4 Cancer, Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Immunity, and Longevity, 110 References, 111 8 Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization in Cell Death 115 ; Urška Repnik and Boris Turk 8.1 Introduction, 115 8.2 Cell Death Modalities, 116 8.3 Lysosomal Membrane Permeabilization (LMP) and Cell Death, 117 8.3.1 Mechanisms of LMP, 118 8.3.2 Upstream of LMP: Direct Insult Versus Molecular Signaling, 121 8.3.3 Signaling Downstream of LMP, 124 8.4 Conclusion, 127 Acknowledgments, 127 References, 128 9 The Lysosome in Aging-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases 137 ; Ralph A. Nixon 9.1 Introduction, 137 9.2 Lysosome Function in Aging Organisms, 139 9.3 Lysosomes and Diseases of Late Age Onset, 142 9.3.1 Cardiovascular Disease, 142 9.4 Lysosomes in Aging-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases, 144 9.4.1 Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), 145 9.4.2 Parkinson’s Disease and Related Disorders, 150 9.4.3 Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLB), 155 9.4.4 Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration (FTLD), 155 9.5 Conclusion, 158 Acknowledgments, 158 References, 159 10 Lysosome and Cancer 181 ; Marja Jäättelä and Tuula Kallunki 10.1 Introduction, 181 10.2 Lysosomal Function and Its Importance for Cancer Development and Progression, 181 10.3 Cancer-Induced Changes in Lysosomal Function, 182 10.3.1 Increased Activity of Lysosomal Enzymes, 182 10.3.2 Altered Lysosome Membrane Permeability, 184 10.3.3 Increased Lysosome Size, 184 10.3.4 Altered Lysosome Trafficking – Increased Lysosomal Exocytosis, 185 10.4 Cancer-Induced Changes in Lysosome Composition, 185 10.4.1 Changes in Lysosomal Hydrolases, 185 10.4.2 Changes in the Lysosomal Membrane Proteins, 192 10.5 Molecular Changes Involving Lysosomal Integrity, 193 10.5.1 Cancer-Associated Changes in Lysosomal Sphingolipid Metabolism, 193 10.5.2 Targeting Lysosomal Membrane Integrity, 195 10.6 Conclusion, 196 References, 197 11 The Genetics of Sphingolipid Hydrolases and Sphingolipid Storage Diseases 209 ; Edward H. Schuchman and Calogera M. Simonaro 11.1 Introduction and Overview, 209 11.2 Acid Ceramidase Deficiency: Farber Disease, 210 11.3 Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency: Types A and B Niemann–Pick Disease, 213 11.4 Beta-Glucocerebrosidase Deficiency: Gaucher Disease, 215 11.5 Galactocerebrosidase Deficiency: Krabbe Disease/Globoid Cell Leukodystrophy, 218 11.6 Arylsulfatase a Deficiency: Metachromatic Leukodystrophy, 219 11.7 Alpha-Galactosidase a Deficiency: Fabry Disease, 221 11.8 Beta-Galactosidase Deficiency: GM1 Gangliosidosis, 224 11.9 Hexosaminidase A and B Deficiency: GM2 Gangliosidoses, 226 11.10 Sphingolipid Activator Proteins, 229 References, 231 12 Lysosome-Related Organelles: Modifications of the Lysosome Paradigm 239 ; Adriana R. Mantegazza and Michael S. Marks 12.1 Differences Between LROs and Secretory Granules, 240 12.2 Physiological Functions of LROs, 240 12.3 LRO Biogenesis, 244 12.3.1 Chediak–Higashi Syndrome and Gray Platelet Syndrome, 244 12.3.2 Hermansky–Pudlak Syndrome, 246 12.3.3 Melanosome Biogenesis, 247 12.3.4 HPS and Melanosome Maturation, 248 12.3.5 HPS and the Biogenesis of Other LROs, 250 12.3.6 HPS and Neurosecretory Granule Biogenesis, 250 12.3.7 Weibel–Palade Body Biogenesis, 251 12.4 LRO Motility, Docking, and Secretion, 252 12.5 LROs and Immunity to Pathogens, 253 12.5.1 Cytolytic Granules, 253 12.5.2 Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Cytolytic Granule Secretion, 254 12.5.3 Azurophilic Granules, 255 12.5.4 NADPH Oxidase-Containing LROs, 255 12.5.5 IRF7-Signaling LROs and Type I Interfero
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons
• Publication Date: 2015
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 571.655; Lysosomes
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781118978313
• Related ISBNs: 9781118978306
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